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Cyanuric chloride is employed as a reagent in organic synthesis for the conversion of alcohols into alkyl chlorides, [8] and carboxylic acids into acyl chlorides: [9]. It is also used as a dehydrating agent, e.g. in the conversion of amides to nitriles, [10] and for the activation of carboxylic acids for reduction to alcohols.
With amines, one or more chloride is displaced. The remaining chlorides are reactive, and this theme is the basis of the large field of reactive dyes. Cyanuric chloride assists in the amidation of carboxylic acids. [3] The 1,2,4-triazines can react with electron-rich dienophiles in an inverse electron demand Diels-Alder reaction. This forms a ...
Simazine may be prepared from cyanuric chloride and a concentrated solution of ethyl amine (at least 50 percent by number) in water. [1] The reaction is highly exothermic and is therefore best carried out below 10 °C.
Beckmann reaction. The reaction mechanism for this reaction is based on a catalytic cycle with cyanuric chloride activating the hydroxyl group via a nucleophilic aromatic substitution. The reaction product is dislodged and replaced by new reactant via an intermediate Meisenheimer complex. Beckmann cyanuric acid cataly cycle
With cyanuric chloride [11] or trifluoroacetic anhydride [12] instead of oxalyl chloride, the reaction can be warmed to −30 °C without side reactions. Other methods for the activation of DMSO to initiate the formation of the key intermediate 6 are the use of carbodiimides ( Pfitzner–Moffatt oxidation ), a sulfur trioxide pyridine complex ...
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Isocyanates also react with amines to give ureas: R 2 NH + R'NCO → R 2 NC(O)N(H)R' The addition of an isocyanate to a urea gives a biuret: R 2 NC(O)N(H)R' + R''NCO → R 2 NC(O)NR'C(O)NHR'' Reaction between a di-isocyanate and a compound containing two or more amine groups produces long polymer chains known as polyureas.
While nucleophilic acyl substitution reactions can be base-catalyzed, the reaction will not occur if the leaving group is a stronger base than the nucleophile (i.e. the leaving group must have a higher pK a than the nucleophile). Unlike acid-catalyzed processes, both the nucleophile and the leaving group exist as anions under basic conditions.