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The latter process provides a high-yield route to 1,1-binaphthol: [22] Such compounds are intermediates in the synthesis of BINAP and its derivatives. [20] Copper(II) chloride dihydrate promotes the hydrolysis of acetonides, i.e., for deprotection to regenerate diols [23] or aminoalcohols, as in this example (where TBDPS = tert ...
IR absorption spectrum of copper(I) chloride. Copper(I) chloride, commonly called cuprous chloride, is the lower chloride of copper, with the formula CuCl.The substance is a white solid sparingly soluble in water, but very soluble in concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Net reaction in the Wacker process. The Wacker process or the Hoechst-Wacker process (named after the chemical companies of the same name) refers to the oxidation of ethylene to acetaldehyde in the presence of palladium(II) chloride and copper(II) chloride as the catalyst. [1]
Simplified diagram of the Copper–Chlorine cycle. The copper–chlorine cycle (Cu–Cl cycle) is a four-step thermochemical cycle for the production of hydrogen. The Cu–Cl cycle is a hybrid process that employs both thermochemical and electrolysis steps.
Substance Formula 0 °C 10 °C 20 °C 30 °C 40 °C 50 °C 60 °C 70 °C 80 °C 90 °C 100 °C Barium acetate: Ba(C 2 H 3 O 2) 2: 58.8: 62: 72: 75: 78.5: 77: 75
[9] [10] [11] [8] The substituted arene is possibly formed by direct transfer of Cl, Br, CN, or OH from a copper(II) species to the aryl radical to produce the substituted arene and regenerate the copper(I) catalyst. In an alternative proposal, a transient copper(III) intermediate, formed from coupling of the aryl radical with the copper(II ...
The Gattermann–Koch reaction, named after the German chemists Ludwig Gattermann and Julius Arnold Koch, [7] is a variant of the Gattermann reaction in which carbon monoxide (CO) is used instead of hydrogen cyanide. [8] Unlike the Gattermann reaction, this reaction is not applicable to phenol and phenol ether substrates. [5]
Three sixteenths of the Cu atoms are bonded to two near OH groups at 1.93 Å and four stretched OH groups at 2.20 Å to form an axially compressed (2+4) octahedral [Cu(OH) 6], and the remaining one sixteenth of the Cu atoms are bonded to six equivalent OH groups at 2.12 Å to form a regular octahedral [Cu(OH) 6].