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There are different kinds or categories of food webs: Source web - one or more node(s), all of their predators, all the food these predators eat, and so on. Sink web - one or more node(s), all of their prey, all the food that these prey eat, and so on. Community (or connectedness) web - a group of nodes and all the connections of who eats whom.
Balinese painting, c. 1940, in traditional style, depicting paddy fields with ducks foraging for food In 2010, Asia produced around 90% of the world's rice , and in 2012 some 80% of all duck meat. Asian farmers had a tradition of fattening ducks on rice paddies, though this was achieved in different ways.
Banaue Rice Terraces of Luzon, Philippines, carved into steep mountainsides Taro fields (loʻi) in Hanalei Valley, Kaua'i, Hawaii Paddy field placed under the valley of Madiun, Indonesia Farmers planting rice in Cambodia. A paddy field is a flooded field of arable land used for growing semiaquatic crops, most notably rice and taro.
Oryza sativa, having the common name Asian cultivated rice, [2] is the much more common of the two rice species cultivated as a cereal, the other species being O. glaberrima, African rice. It was first domesticated in the Yangtze River basin in China 13,500 to 8,200 years ago.
Rice plant (Oryza sativa) with branched panicles containing many grains on each stem Rice grains of different varieties at the International Rice Research Institute. Rice is a cereal grain and in its domesticated form is the staple food of over half of the world's population, particularly in Asia and Africa.
Rice polyculture is the cultivation of rice and another crop simultaneously on the same land. The practice exploits the mutual benefit between rice and organisms such as fish and ducks: the rice supports pests which serve as food for the fish and ducks, while the animals' excrement serves as fertilizer for the rice.
One of the earliest known examples of companion planting is the growing of rice with Azolla, the mosquito fern, which covers the top of a fresh rice paddy's water, blocking out any competing plants, as well as fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere for the rice to use. The rice is planted when it is tall enough to poke out above the azolla.
The grasses and legumes which are grown in arable land and left for animals to graze-on. The straw of paddy and cholam and dry plants of pulse crops and groundnut form important forages. The foliage of a number of trees and shrubs which are edible to animals form another source of forage especially in dry areas and during the periods of scarcity.