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The tine test is a multiple-puncture tuberculin skin test used to aid in the medical diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). The tine test is similar to the Heaf test, although the Mantoux test is usually used instead. There are various forms of the tine tests which usually fall into two categories: the old tine test (OT) and the purified protein ...
In 2014, tests based on the detection of mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan (LAM) antigen in urine emerged as point-of-care tests for tuberculosis (TB). LAM antigen is a lipopolysaccharide present in mycobacterial cell walls, which is released from metabolically active or degenerating bacterial cells and appears to be present only in people with ...
Chest photofluorography, or abreugraphy (better known as mass miniature radiography in the UK and miniature chest radiograph in the US), is a photofluorography technique for mass screening for tuberculosis using a miniature (50 to 100 mm) photograph of the screen of an X-ray fluoroscopy of the thorax, first developed in 1936.
Use of two-step testing is recommended for initial skin testing of adults who will be retested periodically (e.g., health care workers). This ensures any future positive tests can be interpreted as being caused by a new infection, rather than simply a reaction to an old infection. [citation needed] The first test is read 48–72 hours after ...
NIOSH video on tuberculosis respiratory protection, 2002 During the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the US , up to 35% of those affected by TB were also infected by HIV. [ 125 ] Handling of TB-infected patients in US hospitals was known to create airborne TB that could infect others, especially in unventilated spaces.
In December 2010, the World Health Organization (WHO) endorsed the Xpert MTB/RIF for use in tuberculosis (TB) endemic countries. [3] The announcement followed 18 months of assessing its field effectiveness in tuberculosis, MDR-TB, and TB/HIV co-infection. [4] The test may enable the diagnosis of TB in patients likely to be missed by traditional ...
Management of tuberculosis refers to techniques and procedures utilized for treating tuberculosis (TB), or simply a treatment plan for TB.. The medical standard for active TB is a short course treatment involving a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin (also known as Rifampin), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for the first two months.
Pulmonary function testing (PFT) is a complete evaluation of the respiratory system including patient history, physical examinations, and tests of pulmonary function. The primary purpose of pulmonary function testing is to identify the severity of pulmonary impairment. [ 1 ]