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Pomacea canaliculata, commonly known as the golden apple snail or the channeled apple snail, is a species of large freshwater snail with gills and an operculum, an aquatic gastropod mollusc in the family Ampullariidae, the apple snails.
Perivitellin-2 (PV2) is a pore-forming toxin present in the egg perivitelline fluid of the apple snails Pomacea maculata (PmPV2) and Pomacea canaliculata (PcPV2). This protein, called perivitellin, is massively accumulated in the eggs (~20 % total protein). As a toxin PV2 protects eggs from predators, but it also nourishes the developing snail ...
This remarkable strategy of aquatic snails protects the eggs against predation by fish and other aquatic inhabitants. Another anti-predator adaptation in the apple snail genera Pomacea and Pila , is the tubular siphon , used to breathe air while submerged, reducing vulnerability to attacking birds.
Ovorubin (PcOvo or PcPV1) is the most abundant perivitellin (>60 % total protein) of the perivitelline fluid from Pomacea canaliculata snail eggs. This glyco-lipo-caroteno protein complex is a approx. 300 kDa multimer of a combination of multiple copies of six different ~30 kDa subunits.
Epidendrium billeeanum, commonly known as the yellow sea snail or the golden wentletrap, is a species of small predator and ectoparasite sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusc in the family Epitoniidae, the wentletraps.
The first studies performed in Pomacea canaliculata identified two proteins named perivitellin-1, PV1 or ovorubin (now called PcOvo) and perivitellin-2 or PV2 massively accumulated in eggs, comprising 60-70% of total protein, respectively, and a heterogeneous fraction dubbed perivitellin-3 or PV3 fraction. [10]
English: A Golden Apple Snail (Pomacea maculata) laying eggs on a concrete platform near a freshwater stream. Photographed near the banks of the Kallang River in Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park, Singapore. Photographed near the banks of the Kallang River in Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park, Singapore.
African giant snail from Sri Lanka. The eggs of Lissachatina fulica are pure white and opaque but may be slightly yellowish or even somewhat transparent. The eggs have a thin, calcareous shell, and are about 5 mm long and 4 mm wide, resembling a white chicken egg. [citation needed] A newly hatched snail is called a neonate.