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Pineapple fruits and peels contain diverse phytochemicals, among which are polyphenols, including gallic acid, syringic acid, vanillin, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid, epicatechin, and arbutin. [55] [56] Present in all parts of the pineapple plant, [57] bromelain is a mixture of proteolytic enzymes.
As the epidermis of the plant is covered with water barriers such as lignin and waxy cuticles, the night opening of the stomata is the main channel for water movement for xerophytes in arid conditions. [12] Even when water is not scarce, the xerophytes A. Americana and pineapple plant are found to utilise water more efficiently than mesophytes ...
This is a list of countries by pineapple production from 2016 to 2022, based on data from the Food and Agriculture Organization Corporate Statistical Database. [1] The estimated total world production for pineapples in 2022 was 29,361,138 metric tonnes , an increase of 2.3% from 28,714,479 tonnes in 2021. [ 1 ]
Only one bromeliad, the pineapple (Ananas comosus), is a commercially important food crop. Bromelain, a common ingredient in meat tenderizer, is extracted from pineapple stems. Many other bromeliads are popular ornamental plants, grown as both garden and houseplants.
The pineapple is an example of a CAM plant.. Crassulacean acid metabolism, also known as CAM photosynthesis, is a carbon fixation pathway that evolved in some plants as an adaptation to arid conditions [1] that allows a plant to photosynthesize during the day, but only exchange gases at night.
Still Life with Watermelons, Pineapple and Other Fruit by Albert Eckhout, a Dutch painter active in 17th-century Brazil Illustration from the Japanese agricultural encyclopedia Seikei Zusetsu (1804) Watermelons were originally cultivated for their high water content and stored to be eaten during dry seasons, as a source of both food and water. [20]
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The water is released over the plant's roots and then runs back into the reservoir below in a constantly recirculating system. As with deep water culture, there is an airstone in the reservoir that pumps air into the water via a hose from outside the reservoir. The airstone helps add oxygen to the water.