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The word endemic is from Neo-Latin endēmicus, from Greek ἔνδημος, éndēmos, "native". Endēmos is formed of en meaning "in", and dēmos meaning "the people". [5] The word entered the English language as a loan word from French endémique, and originally seems to have been used in the sense of diseases that occur at a constant amount in a country, as opposed to epidemic diseases ...
Wildlife habitats of this landscape are the most fragmented in India. With presence of four tiger populations that have more than 100 tigers each (with Kanha-Pench Block having more than 300 tigers) this landscape is home to a few endemic species such as Indian Wild Buffalo (Bubalus arnee) and Hard Ground Barasingha (Rucervus duvacelli branderi).
[3] [5] Among Indian species, only 12.6% of mammals and 4.5% of birds are endemic, contrasting with 45.8% of reptiles and 55.8% of amphibians. [ 5 ] The Indian subcontinent was formerly an island landmass ( Insular India ) that split away from Gondwana around 125 million years ago, during the Early Cretaceous . [ 6 ]
A megadiverse country is one of a group of nations that harbours the majority of Earth's species and high numbers of endemic species. Conservation International identified 17 megadiverse countries in 1998, [1] [2] all of which are located at least partially in tropical or subtropical regions. Megadiversity means exhibiting great biodiversity.
India's Red List of 2018 was released at the Rio+20 Earth Summit. [1] [2] Since then, new animals have been added yearly.While previously this list contained 132 species of plants and animals in 2018, as of the 2023-1 update from the IUCN Red List, over 950 species of animals (and over 600 species of plants) are listed as critically endangered, endangered, or vulnerable.
This is a list of plants from India that have been considered rare, threatened, endangered, or extinct by the IUCN or the Botanical Survey of India.Some of the regions mentioned may refer to old and outdated state or regional boundaries and may need to be interpreted with caution.
The Western Ghats region is a global biodiversity hotspot, with more than 1500 endemic plant species. Though only 5% of India's landmass, the region contains about a third of India's plant species. As many as 35% of plant species here are endemic. [30] [31] Tribal agriculture has been practiced in the Western Ghats for 4000 years.
Narcondam hornbills are endemic to Narcondam Island in the Andamans. This is a list of endemic birds of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands . It is one of a series providing information about endemism among birds in the world's various zoogeographic zones.