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Resistance of head lice to insecticides such as lindane, malathion, phenothrin and permethrin has been reported. [9] [10] [11] A 2021 systematic review and meta-analysis found that the mean frequency of pyrethroid resistance of lice was 77% globally, and even 100% in several countries (Australia, England, Israel, and Turkey). [12]
Permethrin is available for topical use as a cream or lotion. It is indicated for the treatment and prevention in exposed individuals of head lice and treatment of scabies. [17] For treatment of scabies: Adults and children older than 2 months are instructed to apply the cream to the entire body from head to the soles of the feet.
Permethrin exerts its therapeutic effect by disrupting sodium transport across neuronal membranes in arthropods, inducing depolarization. This mechanism ultimately leads to respiratory paralysis in the affected arthropod, establishing permethrin as a potent agent in managing scabies and pediculosis.
Head lice are about 2 to 3 millimeters long, and they usually infest the head or neck and attach their eggs to the base of the hair shaft, according to the CDC.
It sounds counterintuitive, but apparently it seems to be the case: A pill is more effective than lotions at getting rid of resistant head lice. That's the finding of a study that compared the ...
At first, treatment is usually with topical permethrin 1% cream, which can be bought over the counter without a prescription. It is applied to the areas affected by pubic lice and washed off after 10 minutes. [6] Brands of permethrin include 'Lyclear', available in the UK as a creme rinse or dermal cream at 5% strengths.