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As such, a person diagnosed with latent TB can safely assume that, even after treatment, they will carry the bacteria – likely for the rest of their lives. Furthermore, "It has been estimated that up to one-third of the world's population is infected with M. tuberculosis , and this population is an important reservoir for disease reactivation."
Management of tuberculosis refers to techniques and procedures utilized for treating tuberculosis (TB), or simply a treatment plan for TB.. The medical standard for active TB is a short course treatment involving a combination of isoniazid, rifampicin (also known as Rifampin), pyrazinamide, and ethambutol for the first two months.
Typical symptoms of active TB are chronic cough with blood-containing mucus, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. [1] Infection of other organs can cause a wide range of symptoms. [8] Tuberculosis is spread from one person to the next through the air when people who have active TB in their lungs cough, spit, speak, or sneeze.
MDR-TB most commonly develops in the course of TB treatment, [5] and is most commonly due to doctors giving inappropriate treatment, or patients missing doses or failing to complete their treatment. Because MDR tuberculosis is an airborne pathogen, persons with active, pulmonary tuberculosis caused by a multidrug-resistant strain can transmit ...
[2] [3] Cigarette smokers are 25% more likely to have lung damage, and more severe damage, after cure of a TB infection. [5] People who cook with 3-4 stoves instead of 1-2 stoves are more likely to have lung damage. A lack of heating also increased how often symptoms occurred. Alcoholism also increased the risk of PTLD. Ambient air pollution ...
The principles of treatment for MDR-TB and for XDR-TB are the same. Second-line drugs are more toxic than the standard anti-TB regimen and can cause a range of serious side-effects including hepatitis, depression, hallucinations, and deafness. [14] Patients are often hospitalized for long periods, in isolation.
The medical history includes obtaining the symptoms of pulmonary TB: productive, prolonged cough of three or more weeks, chest pain, and hemoptysis.Systemic symptoms include low grade remittent fever, chills, night sweats, appetite loss, weight loss, easy fatiguability, and production of sputum that starts out mucoid but changes to purulent. [1]
If there is any question of active TB, sputum smears must be obtained. Therefore, any applicant might have findings grouped in this category, but still have active TB as suggested by the presence of signs or symptoms of TB, or sputum smears positive for AFB. [2] The main chest X-ray findings that can suggest inactive TB are: [2] 1.