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The United States of America is a federal republic [1] consisting of 50 states, a federal district (Washington, D.C., the capital city of the United States), five major territories, and various minor islands. [2] [3] Both the states and the United States as a whole are each sovereign jurisdictions. [4]
States are divided into counties or county-equivalents, which may be assigned some local governmental authority but are not sovereign. County or county-equivalent structure varies widely by state, and states also create other local governments. States, unlike U.S. territories, possess many powers and rights under the United States Constitution.
The following table is a list of all 50 states and their respective dates of statehood. The first 13 became states in July 1776 upon agreeing to the United States Declaration of Independence, and each joined the first Union of states between 1777 and 1781, upon ratifying the Articles of Confederation, its first constitution. [6]
Map of the United States showing the state nicknames as hogs. Lithograph by Mackwitz, St. Louis, 1884. The following is a table of U.S. state, federal district and territory nicknames, including officially adopted nicknames and other traditional nicknames for the 50 U.S. states, the U.S. federal district, as well as five U.S. territories.
States (highlighted in purple) whose capital city is also their most populous States (highlighted in blue) that have changed their capital city at least once. This is a list of capital cities of the United States, including places that serve or have served as federal, state, insular area, territorial, colonial and Native American capitals.
Prior to 1987, when the U.S. Secretary of Commerce approved the two-letter codes for use in government documents, [13] the United States Government Printing Office (GPO) suggested its own set of abbreviations, with some states left unabbreviated. Today, the GPO supports United States Postal Service standard. [14]
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Information about All States from UCB Libraries GovPubs; State Resource Guides, from the Library of Congress; Tables with areas, populations, densities and more (in order of population) Tables with areas, populations, densities and more (alphabetical) State and Territorial Governments on USA.gov; StateMaster – statistical database for U.S. states