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Manufacturing – use of machines, tools and labor to produce goods for use or sale. Includes a range of human activity, from handicraft to high-tech , but most commonly refers to industrial production, where raw materials are transformed into finished goods on a large scale.
Current good manufacturing practices (cGMP) are those conforming to the guidelines recommended by relevant agencies. Those agencies control the authorization and licensing of the manufacture and sale of food and beverages , [ 1 ] cosmetics , [ 2 ] pharmaceutical products , [ 3 ] dietary supplements , [ 4 ] and medical devices . [ 5 ]
An economy may include several sectors that evolved in successive phases: The ancient economy built mainly on the basis of subsistence farming.; The Industrial Revolution lessened the role of subsistence farming, converting land-use to more extensive and monocultural forms of agriculture over the last three centuries.
The steel industry produces 7-8% of anthropogenic CO 2 emissions and is one of the most energy-intensive industries. [29] [30] Emissions abatement and decarbonization strategies vary by manufacturing process. Options fall into three general categories: using a non-fossil energy source; increasing processing efficiency; and evolving the ...
In 2023, the manufacturing industry in the United States accounted for 10.70% of the total national output, employing 8.41% of the workforce. The total value of manufacturing output reached $2.5 trillion. [66] [67] In 2023, Germany's manufacturing output reached $844.93 billion, marking a 12.25% increase from 2022. The sector employed ...
The chemical industry comprises the companies and other organizations that develop and produce industrial, specialty and other chemicals. Central to the modern world economy , it converts raw materials ( oil , natural gas , air , water , metals , and minerals ) into commodity chemicals for industrial and consumer products .
The Global Industry Classification Standard (GICS) is an industry taxonomy developed in 1999 by MSCI and Standard & Poor's (S&P) for use by the global financial community. The GICS structure consists of 11 sectors, 25 industry groups, 74 industries and 163 sub-industries [1] into which S&P has categorized all major public companies.
The industry producing these gases is also known as industrial gas, which is seen as also encompassing the supply of equipment and technology to produce and use the gases. [1] Their production is a part of the wider chemical Industry (where industrial gases are often seen as "specialty chemicals").