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Each Six Sigma project follows a defined methodology and has specific value targets, such as reducing pollution or increasing customer satisfaction. The term Six Sigma originates from statistical quality control, a reference to the fraction of a normal curve that lies within six standard deviations of the mean, used to represent a defect rate.
Traditional six sigma methodology, DMAIC, has become a standard process optimization tool for the chemical process industries. However, it has become clear that [weasel words] the promise of six sigma, specifically, 3.4 defects per million opportunities (DPMO), is simply unachievable after the fact. Consequently, there has been a growing ...
Lean Six Sigma is a synergized managerial concept of Lean and Six Sigma. [6] Lean traditionally focuses on eliminating the eight kinds of waste ("muda"), and Six Sigma focuses on improving process output quality by identifying and removing the causes of defects (errors) and minimizing variability in (manufacturing and business) processes.
Identifying specific opportunities for defects (and therefore how to count and categorize defects) is an art [citation needed], but generally organizations consider the following when defining the number of opportunities per unit: Knowledge of the process under study; Industry standards
Zero Defect Program — created by NEC Corporation of Japan, based upon statistical process control and one of the inputs for the inventors of Six Sigma. Six Sigma — 6σ, Six Sigma combines established methods such as statistical process control, design of experiments and failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) in an overall framework.
Within Six Sigma, often complex analysis tools are used. However, it is acceptable to use basic tools if these are appropriate. Of the "validated" root causes, all or some can be. [clarification needed] List and prioritize potential causes of the problem; Prioritize the root causes (key process inputs) to pursue in the Improve step