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After the balloon inflation/deflation or the deposition of the stent, the placement device/deflated balloon are removed leaving the stent in place. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] The interventional cardiologist decides how to treat the blockage in the best way during the PCI/stent placement, based on real-time data.
PPS can also be caused after a trauma, a puncture of the cardiac or pleural structures (such as a bullet or stab wound), after percutaneous coronary intervention (such as stent placement after a myocardial infarction or heart attack), or due to pacemaker or pacemaker wire placement. [1]
For some high-risk cardiovascular patients with stents, the often-recommended practice of prolonged taking of aspirin might be ineffective, and in some cases, even harmful, a new study found.
A coronary stent is a tube-shaped device placed in the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart, to keep the arteries open in patients suffering from coronary heart disease. The vast majority of stents used in modern interventional cardiology are drug-eluting stents (DES).
Stent related pain: Chest or throat pain may occur after the procedure; requiring additional treatment or adjustment of the stent. Stent removal: Check with your doctor on the stent type used for the procedure. Ask if it may need to be removed at a later date and the process and issues that may come about as a result.
After the proximal anastomoses are done, the clamp is removed and the aorta and conduits de-aired. Pacing wires, which supply a current to assist the heartbeat, might be placed. If the heart and other systems are functioning, CPB is discontinued and cannulae are removed. Protamine is administered to reverse the effect of the anticoagulant heparin.
Restenosis rates of drug-eluting stents appear to be significantly lower than bare-metal stents, and research is underway to determine if drug-coated balloons also improve restenosis outcomes. Restenosis is the recurrence of stenosis , a narrowing of a blood vessel , leading to restricted blood flow.
The presence of indwelling ureteral stents may cause minimal to moderate discomfort, frequency or urgency incontinence, and infection, which in general resolves on removal. Most ureteral stents can be removed cystoscopically during an office visit under topical anesthesia after resolution of urolithiasis. [116]