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The number of modes in a k-mer spectrum for a species's genome varies, with most species having a unimodal distribution. [7] However, all mammals have a multimodal distribution. The number of modes within a k -mer spectrum can vary between regions of genomes as well: humans have unimodal k -mer spectra in 5' UTRs and exons but multimodal ...
Benford's law, which describes the frequency of the first digit of many naturally occurring data. The ideal and robust soliton distributions. Zipf's law or the Zipf distribution. A discrete power-law distribution, the most famous example of which is the description of the frequency of words in the English language.
Illustration of the Kolmogorov–Smirnov statistic. The red line is a model CDF, the blue line is an empirical CDF, and the black arrow is the KS statistic.. In statistics, the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test (also K–S test or KS test) is a nonparametric test of the equality of continuous (or discontinuous, see Section 2.2), one-dimensional probability distributions.
In probability theory and statistics, a normal distribution or Gaussian distribution is a type of continuous probability distribution for a real-valued random variable. The general form of its probability density function is [ 2 ] [ 3 ] f ( x ) = 1 2 π σ 2 e − ( x − μ ) 2 2 σ 2 . {\displaystyle f(x)={\frac {1}{\sqrt {2\pi \sigma ^{2 ...
The shape of a distribution will fall somewhere in a continuum where a flat distribution might be considered central and where types of departure from this include: mounded (or unimodal), U-shaped, J-shaped, reverse-J shaped and multi-modal. [1] A bimodal distribution would have two high points rather than one. The shape of a distribution is ...
Cumulative frequency distribution, adapted cumulative probability distribution, and confidence intervals. Cumulative frequency analysis is the analysis of the frequency of occurrence of values of a phenomenon less than a reference value. The phenomenon may be time- or space-dependent. Cumulative frequency is also called frequency of non-exceedance.
A Pearson density p is defined to be any valid solution to the differential equation (cf. Pearson 1895, p. 381) ′ () + + + + = ()with: =, = = +, =. According to Ord, [3] Pearson devised the underlying form of Equation (1) on the basis of, firstly, the formula for the derivative of the logarithm of the density function of the normal distribution (which gives a linear function) and, secondly ...
In a graphical representation of the continuous uniform distribution function [()], the area under the curve within the specified bounds, displaying the probability, is a rectangle. For the specific example above, the base would be 16 , {\displaystyle 16,} and the height would be 1 23 . {\displaystyle {\tfrac {1}{23}}.} [ 5 ]