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The first xDrive models (as opposed to the earlier all-wheel drive system) were released in 2003. These consisted of the newly released BMW X3 (E83) - ATC400 Transfer Case, facelifted BMW X5 (E53) - ATC500 Transfer Case. In the following years, the availability of xDrive increased throughout the model range, and it is currently available on ...
The BMW iX3 (model code G08) is a battery electric version of the BMW X3 (G01). [69] It was presented at the 2018 Beijing Motor Show in April as a concept vehicle, it is the third car of the electric-focused BMW i family and the first battery electric BMW SUV. Production began in September 2020 at BMW's factory in Dadong, Shenyang, China.
BMW sDrive is a single axle drive architecture that is purpose-built for sport-utility vehicles. Introduced by German automaker BMW as an option for the 2013 BMW X5 (F15), [1] sDrive uses torque-vectoring and displacement mechanisms that optimise agility and efficiency. [2] Today, sDrive is available on all of BMW's utility vehicles, from the ...
Vibration: An early and common symptom of a failing drive shaft is an intense vibration coming from underneath the vehicle. Worn out couplings, u-joints, or bearings cause excessive drive shaft vibration. Turning problems: Problems with turning the vehicle, both during slow and high-speed drives, is another significant sign of a bad drive shaft.
BMW used this transmission with M60 V8 models such as the European manual 840i, European manual 740i, 540i; [1] as well as the M62 powered 5 series sedans, and S62 powered vehicles such as the Z8 and M5. [2] [3] This gearbox was also used in the E34 M5, E36 M3, and E46 M3s with the S38B38, S50B32, and S54B32 engines respectively. [4] [5] [6 ...
The efficiency of internal combustion engines depends on several factors, the most important of which is the expansion ratio. For any heat engine the work which can be extracted from it is proportional to the difference between the starting pressure and the ending pressure during the expansion phase.
Inside the hollow torque ball is the driveshaft's universal joint that allows relative motion between the two ends of the driveshaft. In most applications, the drive shaft uses a single universal joint, which has the disadvantage that it causes speed fluctuations in the driveshaft when the shaft is not straight.
In mechanical engineering, backlash, sometimes called lash, play, or slop, is a clearance or lost motion in a mechanism caused by gaps between the parts. It can be defined as "the maximum distance or angle through which any part of a mechanical system may be moved in one direction without applying appreciable force or motion to the next part in mechanical sequence."