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In humans, the epicranial aponeurosis originates from the external occipital protuberance and highest nuchal lines of the occipital bone. [1] It merges with the occipitofrontalis muscle . In front, it forms a short and narrow prolongation between its union with the frontalis muscle (the frontal part of the occipitofrontalis muscle).
Note that the amplitude and the exact shape of the action potential can vary according to the exact experimental technique used for acquiring the signal. Biological neuron models , also known as spiking neuron models , [ 1 ] are mathematical descriptions of the conduction of electrical signals in neurons .
An action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific cell rapidly rises and falls. [1] This depolarization then causes adjacent locations to similarly depolarize. Action potentials occur in several types of excitable cells, which include animal cells like neurons and muscle cells, as well as some plant cells.
Figure FHN: To mimick the action potential, the FitzHugh–Nagumo model and its relatives use a function g(V) with negative differential resistance (a negative slope on the I vs. V plot). For comparison, a normal resistor would have a positive slope, by Ohm's law I = GV, where the conductance G is the inverse of resistance G=1/R.
Where voltage, V, is measured in millivolts, x is distance from the start of the potential (in millimeters), and λ is the length constant (in millimeters). V max is defined as the maximum voltage attained in the action potential, where: = where r m is the resistance across the membrane and I is the current flow.
A: Aponeurosis. The epicranial aponeurosis or galea aponeurotica is a tough layer of dense fibrous tissue which anchors the above layers in place. It runs from the frontalis muscle anteriorly to the occipitalis posteriorly. L: Loose areolar connective tissue. This layer has a gel-like consistency, and allows the more superficial layers of the ...
Alike individual action potentials, CAP waveforms are typically biphasic presenting a negative and positive peak. The morphological attributes of the CAP (amplitude, spread, latency) depend on various factors including electrode placement, stimulus intensity, number of fibers recruited, the synchronization of action potentials, and conduction ...
Neural backpropagation is the phenomenon in which, after the action potential of a neuron creates a voltage spike down the axon (normal propagation), another impulse is generated from the soma and propagates towards the apical portions of the dendritic arbor or dendrites (from which much of the original input current originated).