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Opium (also known as poppy tears, or Lachryma papaveris) is the dried latex obtained from the seed capsules of the opium poppy Papaver somniferum. [4] Approximately 12 percent of opium is made up of the analgesic alkaloid morphine, which is processed chemically to produce heroin and other synthetic opioids for medicinal use and for the illegal drug trade.
Heroin was first made by C. R. Alder Wright in 1874 from morphine, a natural product of the opium poppy. [20] Internationally, heroin is controlled under Schedules I and IV of the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, [21] and it is generally illegal to make, possess, or sell without a license. [22] About 448 tons of heroin were made in 2016. [17]
"Polish" heroin (also kompot and compote in drug culture slang) is a crude preparation of heroin made from poppy straw. It is an opiate , [ 1 ] used recreationally as a psychoactive drug . Poppy straw, like opium, is harvested from the opium poppy ( Papaver somniferum ).
Heroin was originally developed out of the sap from the opium poppy. The components were discovered by the British scientist Charles Romley Alder Wright in 1874 . He originally was looking for a ...
In July 2000, Taliban leader Mullah Mohammed Omar, collaborating with the UN to eradicate heroin production in Afghanistan, declared that growing poppies was un-Islamic, resulting in one of the world's most successful anti-drug campaigns. The Taliban enforced a ban on poppy farming via threats, forced eradication, and public punishment of ...
Heroin, the common name for diacetylmorphine, is the first of several semi-synthetic opioids to be derived from morphine, a component of natural opium. [16] It is formed by the acetylation of morphine in order to increase the lipid solubility. [17]
Poppies and opium made their way around the world along the silk road. [9] Juglets resembling poppy seed pods have been discovered with trace amounts of opium and the flower appeared in jewelry and on art pieces in Ancient Egypt, dated 1550–1292 BC. [10] [11]
Morphine is also available in a paste that is used in the production of heroin, which can be smoked by itself or turned into a soluble salt and injected; the same goes for the penultimate products of the Kompot (Polish Heroin) and black tar processes. Poppy straw as well as opium can yield morphine of purity levels ranging from poppy tea to ...