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The Nottingham prognostic index (NPI) is used to determine prognosis following surgery for breast cancer. [1] [2] Its value is calculated using three pathological criteria: the size of the tumour; the number of involved lymph nodes; and the grade of the tumour. [1] It is calculated to select patients for adjuvant treatment.
Age greater than 60 years; Stage III or IV disease; Elevated serum LDH; ECOG/Zubrod performance status of 2, 3, or 4; More than 1 extranodal site; The sum of the points allotted correlates with the following risk groups: Low risk (0-1 points) - 5-year survival of 73%; Low-intermediate risk (2 points) - 5-year survival of 51%
Duke treadmill scores typically range from –25 (highest risk) to +15 (lowest risk). One-year mortality and five-year survival rates respectively for the results of the Duke treadmill score have been reported as follows: [4] [5] [6] less than or equal to –11: 5.25%, 65% –10 to 4: 1.25%, 90% greater than or equal to 5: 0.25%, 97%
Survival rate is a part of survival analysis.It is the proportion of people in a study or treatment group still alive at a given period of time after diagnosis. It is a method of describing prognosis in certain disease conditions, and can be used for the assessment of standards of therapy.
Five-year relative survival rates describe the percentage of patients with a disease alive five years after the disease is diagnosed, divided by the percentage of the general population of corresponding sex and age alive after five years. Typically, cancer five-year relative survival rates are well below 100%, reflecting excess mortality among ...
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The score is an index which takes into account the correlative and causal relationship between mortality and factors including advancing age, burn size, the presence of inhalational injury. [2] Studies have shown that the Baux score is highly correlative with length of stay in hospital due to burns and final outcome.
The survival function is one of several ways to describe and display survival data. Another useful way to display data is a graph showing the distribution of survival times of subjects. Olkin, [5] page 426, gives the following example of survival data. The number of hours between successive failures of an air-conditioning (AC) system were recorded.