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It uses the MakeSet, Find, and Union functions of a disjoint-set data structure. MakeSet(u) removes u to a singleton set, Find(u) returns the standard representative of the set containing u, and Union(u,v) merges the set containing u with the set containing v. TarjanOLCA(r) is first called on the root r.
This specialized type of forest performs union and find operations in near-constant amortized time. For a sequence of m addition, union, or find operations on a disjoint-set forest with n nodes, the total time required is O(mα(n)), where α(n) is the extremely slow-growing inverse Ackermann function. Although disjoint-set forests do not ...
C and C++ also have language support for one particular tagged union: the possibly-null pointer. This may be compared to the option type in ML or the Maybe type in Haskell, and can be seen as a tagged pointer: a tagged union (with an encoded tag) of two types: Valid pointers,
Union-find algorithm. Add languages. ... Download QR code; Print/export ... In other projects Appearance. move to sidebar hide. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia ...
Context-free languages are closed under the various operations, that is, if the languages K and L are context-free, so is the result of the following operations: union K ∪ L; concatenation K ∘ L; Kleene star L * [11] substitution (in particular homomorphism) [12] inverse homomorphism [13] intersection with a regular language [14]
For example, it is possible to have the standard C++ string as a member of a union. The primary use of a union is allowing access to a common location by different data types, for example hardware input/output access, bitfield and word sharing, or type punning. Unions can also provide low-level polymorphism. However, there is no checking of ...
Liveness analysis is a "backwards may" analysis. The analysis is done in a backwards order, and the dataflow confluence operator is set union.In other words, if applying liveness analysis to a function with a particular number of logical branches within it, the analysis is performed starting from the end of the function working towards the beginning (hence "backwards"), and a variable is ...
For example, the relation contains in the detailed example above can be represented by a bipartite graph with 6+7 = 13 vertices: Again, the subcollection S * = { B , D , F } is an exact cover, since the vertex corresponding to each element in X is connected to exactly one selected vertex, as the highlighting makes clear.