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Mycobacterium leprae (also known as the leprosy bacillus or Hansen's bacillus) is one [a] of the two species of bacteria that cause Hansen's disease (leprosy), [1] a chronic but curable infectious disease that damages the peripheral nerves and targets the skin, eyes, nose, and muscles.
Leprosy, also known as Hansen's disease (HD), is a long-term infection by the bacteria Mycobacterium leprae or Mycobacterium lepromatosis. [ 4 ] [ 7 ] Infection can lead to damage of the nerves , respiratory tract , skin, and eyes. [ 4 ]
Mycobacterium is a genus of over 190 species in the phylum Actinomycetota, assigned its own family, Mycobacteriaceae. This genus includes pathogens known to cause serious diseases in mammals, including tuberculosis ( M. tuberculosis ) and leprosy ( M. leprae ) in humans.
Mycobacterium lepraemurium Scientific classification Domain: Bacteria Phylum: Actinomycetota Class: Actinomycetia Order: Mycobacteriales Family: Mycobacteriaceae Genus: Mycobacterium Species: M. lepraemurium Binomial name Mycobacterium lepraemurium Marchoux and Sorel 1912 Mycobacterium lepraemurium is a causative agent of feline leprosy. It causes granulomatous lesions, characteristic of the ...
The history of leprosy was traced to its origins by an international team of 22 geneticists using comparative genomics of the worldwide distribution of Mycobacterium leprae. [1] Monot et al. (2005) determined that leprosy originated in East Africa or the Near East and traveled with humans along their migration routes, including those of trade ...
Mycobacterium lepromatosis can induce diffuse lepromatous leprosy (DLL), typically known to occur in Mexico and the Caribbean. [5] [6] DLL is a severe form of leprosy which manifests through nerve invasion and extensive skin ulcerations due to massive AFB burden in internal organs. [5]
Lepromatous leprosy, in contrast to the tuberculoid form of leprosy, is characterized by the absence of epithelioid cells in the lesions. In this form of leprosy Mycobacterium leprae are found in lesion in large numbers. This is the most unfavorable clinical variant of leprosy. [2] [3]
Bust of Dr. Armauer Hansen, Botanical garden, University of Bergen, Norway. Gerhard Henrik Armauer Hansen (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈɡæ̂rhɑɖ ɑrˈmæ̀ʉər ˈhɑ̂nsn̩]; 29 July 1841 – 12 February 1912) was a Norwegian physician, remembered for his identification of the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae in 1873 as the causative agent of leprosy.