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Perhaps the most common indication for tracheal intubation is for the placement of a conduit through which nitrous oxide or volatile anesthetics may be administered. General anesthetic agents, opioids, and neuromuscular-blocking drugs may diminish or even abolish the respiratory drive.
In anaesthesia and advanced airway management, rapid sequence induction (RSI) – also referred to as rapid sequence intubation or as rapid sequence induction and intubation (RSII) or as crash induction [1] – is a special process for endotracheal intubation that is used where the patient is at a high risk of pulmonary aspiration.
General anaesthesia is usually performed in an operating theatre to allow surgical procedures that would otherwise be intolerably painful for a patient, or in an intensive care unit or emergency department to facilitate endotracheal intubation and mechanical ventilation in critically ill patients. Depending on the procedure, general anaesthesia ...
Intubation (sometimes entubation) is a medical procedure involving the insertion of a tube into the body. Most commonly, intubation refers to tracheal intubation , a procedure during which an endotracheal tube is inserted into the trachea to support patient ventilation.
Short-acting neuromuscular blocking agents are chosen for endotracheal intubation for short procedures (< 30minutes), and neuromonitoring is required soon after intubation. [12] Options include succinylcholine , rocuronium or vecuronium if sugammadex is available for rapid reversal block.
If intubation is required the cervical collar should be removed and neck stabilization provided by a trained staff member holding the patient's head. [3] [13] Whenever possible, intubation methods that decrease spinal motion should be used such as awake fiberoptic intubation. [6]
Spinal anaesthesia is the technique of choice for Caesarean section as it avoids a general anaesthetic and the risk of failed intubation (which is probably a lot lower than the widely quoted 1 in 250 in pregnant women [3]). It also means the mother is conscious and the partner is able to be present at the birth of the child.
Cricoid pressure, also known as the Sellick manoeuvre or Sellick maneuver, is a technique used in endotracheal intubation to try to reduce the risk of regurgitation.The technique involves the application of pressure to the cricoid cartilage at the neck, thus occluding the esophagus which passes directly behind it.