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A permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) uses permanent magnets embedded in the rotor to create a constant magnetic field. The stator carries windings connected to an AC electricity supply to produce a rotating magnetic field (as in an asynchronous motor). At synchronous speed the rotor poles lock to the rotating magnetic field.
The equation describing the relative motion is known as the swing equation, which is a non-linear second order differential equation that describes the swing of the rotor of synchronous machine. The power exchange between the mechanical rotor and the electrical grid due to the rotor swing (acceleration and deceleration) is called Inertial ...
The rating of a brushless motor is the ratio of the motor's unloaded rotational speed (measured in RPM) to the peak (not RMS) voltage on the wires connected to the coils (the back EMF). For example, an unloaded motor of K v {\displaystyle K_{\text{v}}} = 5,700 rpm/V supplied with 11.1 V will run at a nominal speed of 63,270 rpm (= 5,700 rpm/V ...
The whirling frequency of a symmetric cross section of a given length between two points is given by: = where: E = Young's modulus, I = second moment of area, m = mass of the shaft, L = length of the shaft between points.
The difference between synchronous and operating speed is called "slip" and is often expressed as percent of the synchronous speed. For example, a motor operating at 1450 RPM that has a synchronous speed of 1500 RPM is running at a slip of +3.3%. In operation as a motor, the stator flux rotation is at the synchronous speed, which is faster than ...
Synchronous speeds for synchronous motors and alternators depend on the number of poles on the machine and the frequency of the supply. The relationship between the supply frequency, f, the number of poles, p, and the synchronous speed (speed of rotating field), n s is given by: = .
Reluctance motor subtypes include synchronous, variable, switched and variable stepping. Reluctance motors can deliver high power density at low cost, making them attractive for many applications. Disadvantages include high torque ripple (the difference between maximum and minimum torque during one revolution) when operated at low speed, and ...
In vector control, an AC induction or synchronous motor is controlled under all operating conditions like a separately excited DC motor. [21] That is, the AC motor behaves like a DC motor in which the field flux linkage and armature flux linkage created by the respective field and armature (or torque component) currents are orthogonally aligned such that, when torque is controlled, the field ...