Search results
Results From The WOW.Com Content Network
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP), also known as 5'-adenylic acid, is a nucleotide. AMP consists of a phosphate group, the sugar ribose, and the nucleobase adenine. It is an ester of phosphoric acid and the nucleoside adenosine. [1] As a substituent it takes the form of the prefix adenylyl-. [2]
3′-Phosphoadenosine-5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) is a derivative of adenosine monophosphate (AMP) that is phosphorylated at the 3′ position and has a sulfate group attached to the 5′ phosphate. It is the most common coenzyme in sulfotransferase reactions and hence part of sulfation pathways . [ 1 ]
During rest (ADP<ATP), ammonia is produced from the conversion of adenosine into inosine by adenosine deaminase. AMP + H 2 O + H + → IMP + NH 3 (catalyzed by AMP deaminase in skeletal muscle) Adenosine + H 2 O → Inosine + NH 3 (catalyzed by adenosine deaminase in skeletal muscle, blood, liver)
As can be seen in the cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) images, the 'cyclic' portion consists of two bonds between the phosphate group and the 3' and 5' hydroxyl groups of the sugar, very often a ribose. Their biological significance includes a broad range of protein-ligand interactions.
Adenylylation, [1] [2] more commonly known as AMPylation, is a process in which an adenosine monophosphate (AMP) molecule is covalently attached to the amino acid side chain of a protein. [3] This covalent addition of AMP to a hydroxyl side chain of the protein is a post-translational modification . [ 4 ]
[4] In a cAMP-dependent pathway, the activated G s alpha subunit binds to and activates an enzyme called adenylyl cyclase, which, in turn, catalyzes the conversion of ATP into cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). [5] Increases in concentration of the second messenger cAMP may lead to the activation of cyclic nucleotide-gated ion channels [6]
ADP can be further hydrolyzed to give energy, adenosine monophosphate (AMP), and another inorganic phosphate (P i). [1] ATP hydrolysis is the final link between the energy derived from food or sunlight and useful work such as muscle contraction , the establishment of electrochemical gradients across membranes, and biosynthetic processes ...
United States Army Lt. Gen. John Kimmons with a copy of the Army Field Manual, FM 2-22.3, Human Intelligence Collector Operations, in 2006 FM-34-45. United States Army Field Manuals are published by the United States Army's Army Publishing Directorate. They contain detailed information and how-tos for procedures important to soldiers serving in ...