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Article 371H: Special provisions for the state of Goa, ensuring equitable opportunities in education and public employment and safeguarding its Konkani language and culture. Article 371-I: Special provisions for the state of Maharashtra and Gujarat, providing for equitable opportunities in education and public employment for certain regions.
This special, entrenched process is triggered when an amendment to the Constitution specifically concerns the States by modifying the legislature or the powers reserved to the states in the Seventh Schedule. When this occurs, an amendment must be ratified by a majority of state legislatures for the amendment to go into effect.
This power had been exercised by States for decades, and regional and national parties almost unanimously demanded an amendment to restore the power. In August 2021, over just 3 days, the Bill was introduced and passed by both Houses of Parliament. [2] The 105th Constitutional Amendment Act received Presidential Assent on 18 August.
[5] [neutrality is disputed] Until 2019, Article 370 made special provisions for the state of Jammu and Kashmir as per its Instrument of Accession. Article 371-371J make special provisions for the states of Andhra Pradesh , Arunachal Pradesh , Assam , Gujarat , Goa , Karnataka , Mizoram , Manipur , Maharashtra , Nagaland , Sikkim , and Telangana .
It inserted a new Article 371J into the Constitution. This article provides special provisions for the development of the Hyderabad-Karnataka region. It established a separate development board for the region under Article 371J(2). The board comprises: Chairperson appointed by the Governor of Karnataka.
After independence, the Indian constitution introduced provisions for reservations for the Scheduled Castes and Tribes (SC/ST) in government institutions, to give a fair representation to the weakest sections of society i.e. Dalits and Adivasis. 22.5% of the seats (SC- 15%, ST- 7.5%) in higher education institutes and public sector undertakings ...
Under Part XXI of the Constitution of India, which deals with "Temporary, Transitional and Special provisions", the State of Jammu and Kashmir was accorded special status under Article 370. Even though included in 1st Schedule as 15th state, all the provisions of the Constitution which are applicable to other states were not applicable to Jammu ...
The Preamble of the Constitution of India – India declaring itself as a country. The Fundamental Rights, Directive Principles of State Policy and Fundamental Duties are sections of the Constitution of India that prescribe the fundamental obligations of the states to its citizens and the duties and the rights of the citizens to the State. These sections are considered vital elements of the ...