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The higher cut-off score has both high specificity and sensitivity and is at least five times more likely to have come from a dementia patient than without. A score of 21 or less is almost certainly diagnostic of a dementia syndrome regardless of the clinical setting. [16] It has been found to be superior to the MMSE in diagnostic utility. [17 ...
Serial sevens (or, more generally, the descending subtraction task; DST), where a patient counts down from one hundred by sevens, is a clinical test used to test cognition; for example, to help assess mental status after possible head injury, in suspected cases of dementia or to show sleep inertia.
It was originally introduced in the screening for dementia, but has also found application in other situations, [3] such as hepatic encephalopathy. [4] References
Vascular dementia, the second most common type of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease, can be caused by atherosclerosis, a buildup of plaque in the arteries that can lead to heart attacks, stroke ...
The scans can also yield information relevant to other types of dementia, such as infarction (stroke) that would point at a vascular type of dementia. These tests do not pick up diffuse metabolic changes associated with dementia in a person who shows no gross neurological problems (such as paralysis or weakness) on a neurological exam. [131]
A recently conducted study in Australia [8] found that the GPCOG in comparison to the MMSE and Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) [9] was best to rule out dementia in a multicultural cohort of 151 community-dwelling persons. [8] Its sensitivity was higher (98.1) as compared to MMSE and RUDAS (84.3 and 87.7, respectively).
Similar to the NINCDS-ADRDA Alzheimer's Criteria are the DSM-IV-TR criteria published by the American Psychiatric Association. [3] At the same time the advances in functional neuroimaging techniques such as PET or SPECT that have already proven their utility to differentiate Alzheimer's disease from other possible causes, [4] have led to proposals of revision of the NINCDS-ADRDA criteria that ...
First proposed by Swiss psychologist André Rey in 1941 and further standardized by Paul-Alexandre Osterrieth in 1944, it is frequently used to further explain any secondary effect of brain injury in neurological patients, to test for the presence of dementia, or to study the degree of cognitive development in children.