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  2. Fractional excretion of sodium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_excretion_of_sodium

    The fractional excretion of sodium (FE Na) is the percentage of the sodium filtered by the kidney which is excreted in the urine. It is measured in terms of plasma and urine sodium , rather than by the interpretation of urinary sodium concentration alone, as urinary sodium concentrations can vary with water reabsorption .

  3. Kidney failure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kidney_failure

    Two other urinary indices, are the fractional sodium excretion (FENa) index and the renal failure index (RFI). [36] The renal failure index is equal to urine sodium times plasma creatinine divided by urine creatinine. [36] A FENa score greater than 3% or a renal failure index (RFI) greater than 3 are helpful in confirming acute renal failure. [37]

  4. Urine sodium - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urine_sodium

    The urine sodium is expressed as a concentration (such as millimoles per liter). The result must therefore be interpreted in the context of the degree of urine concentration present. Alternatively, the urine sodium can be standardized to the excretion of creatinine using a formula such as the fractional excretion of sodium (FENa).

  5. Renal clearance ratio - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renal_clearance_ratio

    The renal clearance ratio or fractional excretion is a relative measure of the speed at which a constituent of urine passes through the kidneys. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is defined by following equation: c l e a r a n c e r a t i o o f X = C x C i n {\displaystyle clearance\ ratio\ of\ X={\frac {C_{x}}{C_{in}}}}

  6. Glomerular filtration rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glomerular_filtration_rate

    The glomerular filtration rate is the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney. The creatinine clearance rate (C Cr or CrCl) is the volume of blood plasma that is cleared of creatinine per unit time and is a useful measure for approximating the GFR. Creatinine clearance exceeds GFR due to creatinine secretion, [1] which can be blocked by ...

  7. Camera Catches Surprisingly Candid (and Honest) Photos of ...

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    As a royal family fan, I'm always here for a new picture or portrait (King Charles's latest was particularly striking). Generally, they are quite posed and professional (they are royals, after all).

  8. 4 Proposed Cuts by Musk’s DOGE and How They Could ... - AOL

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    The largest pot of money DOGE could tap for cuts in federal programs without current congressional authorization, also called “discretionary spending,” which accounts for about $516 billion.

  9. See How Nearly 100 Rattlesnakes Were Found Under and ... - AOL

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    All seven species are venomous, and a bite could be fatal without antivenom medicine. Why Do Rattlesnakes Like to Live Under Houses? Rattlesnakes may seem scary to us, but they don’t want ...