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The Holy Roman Empire, [e] also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor. [16] It developed in the Early Middle Ages , and lasted for a millennium until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars .
The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans (Latin: Imperator Romanorum; German: Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period [1] (Latin: Imperator Germanorum; German: Römisch-Deutscher Kaiser), was the ruler and head of state of the Holy Roman Empire.
The Holy Roman Empire consisted of a number of autonomous states, both Protestant and Catholic who all had their own laws and regulations, and the witchcraft persecutions, therefore, varied considerably. Formally, however, all states within the Holy Roman Empire were under the jurisdiction of the Emperor.
In the 18th century, the Holy Roman Empire consisted of approximately 1,800 such territories, the majority being tiny estates owned by the families of Imperial Knights. [2] This page does not directly contain the list but discusses the format of the various lists and offers some background to understand the complex organisation of the Holy ...
Holy Roman Empire: West Francia: Status quo ante bellum: Otto II: Otto II's raid on Poland: Holy Roman Empire: Civitas Schinesghe: Defeat: Otto II: Slavic revolt of 983: Holy Roman Empire: Wends. Lutici Obotrite. Defeat: Otto II: Polish-Saxon Invasion of Veleti (985) Duchy of Poland Holy Roman Empire: Veleti: Victory: Otto III: Polish-Bohemian ...
Marble bust of the final Holy Roman Emperor, Francis II, in a style inspired by ancient Roman marble busts. The defining characteristic of the Holy Roman Empire was the idea that the Holy Roman Emperor represented the leading monarch in Europe and that their empire was the one true continuation of the Roman Empire of Antiquity, through proclamation by the popes in Rome.
The earliest mention of "the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation" (a phrase rarely used officially) is from the 15th century and its later increasingly used shorthand, imperium Romano-Germanicum, demonstrates that contemporaries of the empire increasingly saw the empire and its emperors not as successors of a Roman Empire that had existed ...
Document signed by the Abbot of Marchtal, "immediate and exempt". In the Holy Roman Empire, imperial immediacy (German: Reichsunmittelbarkeit or Reichsfreiheit) was the status of an individual or a territory which was defined as 'immediate' (unmittelbar) to Emperor and Empire (Kaiser und Reich) and not to any other intermediate authorities, while one that did not possess that status was ...