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The Protoceratops has a semi-erect stance and its skull is horizontally oriented, which would have not been possible if the animal was already dead. The Velociraptor has its right hand trapped within the jaws of the Protoceratops and the left one scratching the Protoceratops skull.
Protoceratops were hunted by Velociraptor, and one particularly famous specimen (the Fighting Dinosaurs) preserves a pair of them locked in combat. Protoceratops used to be characterized as nocturnal because of the large sclerotic ring around the eye, but they are now thought to have been cathemeral (active at dawn and dusk).
One group can be called Protoceratopsidae and includes Protoceratops and its closest relatives, all Asian. The other group, Ceratopsoidea, includes the family Ceratopsidae and closely related animals like Zuniceratops. This clade is defined as "the largest clade containing Ceratops montanus and Triceratops horridus, but not Protoceratops ...
Triceratops was a very large animal, measuring around 8–9 m (26–30 ft) in length and weighing up to 6–10 metric tons (6.6–11.0 short tons). [ 23 ] [ 24 ] [ 25 ] A specimen of T. horridus named Kelsey measured 6.7–7.3 meters (22–24 ft) long, has a 2-meter (6.5 ft) skull, stood about 2.3 meters (7.5 ft) tall, and was estimated by the ...
The clade Ceratopsidae was in 1998 defined by Paul Sereno as the group including the last common ancestor of Pachyrhinosaurus and Triceratops; and all its descendants. [17] In 2004, it was by Peter Dodson defined to include Triceratops, Centrosaurus, and all descendants of their most recent common ancestor. [18]
Protoceratops skull with large sclerotic rings. Based on the size of its sclerotic ring, Protoceratops had an unusually large eye among protoceratopsids. In birds, a medium-sized sclerotic ring indicates that the animal is a predator, a large sclerotic ring indicates that it is nocturnal, and the largest ring size indicates it is a nocturnal ...
The earliest-known dinosaur fossils date to roughly 230 million years ago, including Eoraptor and Herrerasaurus from Argentina, Saturnalia from southern Brazil and Mbiresaurus from Zimbabwe.
The "dueling" inference comes from the numerous injuries sustained by both dinosaurs, including a tooth from the tyrannosaur embedded within the Triceratops, although it is not known whether they were actually buried fighting one another. Tyrannosaurus rex (Tyrant Lizard King) was a 40 ft. long carnivore weighing 10 tons and ruled the ...