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Evidence for this scenario comes from the highly anorthositic composition of the lunar highland crust, as well as the existence of KREEP-rich materials. Additionally, zircon analysis of Apollo 14 samples suggests the lunar crust differentiated 4.51±0.01 billion years ago. [32] Formation of the anorthosite crust
In terms of elements, the lunar crust is composed primarily of oxygen, silicon, magnesium, iron, calcium, and aluminium, but important minor and trace elements such as titanium, uranium, thorium, potassium, sulphur, manganese, chromium [4] and hydrogen are present as well. Based on geophysical techniques, the crust is estimated to be on average ...
Initial chemical composition of the LMO is estimated based on the chemistry of lunar samples, along with the chemical composition and thickness of the current lunar crust. For computer modeling purposes, the initial chemical composition is typically defined by weight percent based on a system of basic molecules such as SiO 2 , MgO, FeO, Al 2 O ...
The lunar solid crust experiences tides of around 10 cm (4 in) amplitude over 27 days, with three components: a fixed one due to Earth, because they are in synchronous rotation, a variable tide due to orbital eccentricity and inclination, and a small varying component from the Sun. [184] The Earth-induced variable component arises from changing ...
Lunar regolith is divided into highland and mare on the basis of their composition, and further divided into high-, low-, and very low-titanium on the basis of their ilmenite content. [ 13 ] The contribution of material from external sources is relatively minor (outside of ray systems ), such that the dirt composition at any given location ...
Secondary crust is formed by partial melting of mostly silicate materials in the mantle, and so is usually basaltic in composition. [1] This is the most common type of crust in the Solar System. Most of the surfaces of Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars comprise secondary crust, as do the lunar maria.
Chang’e-6 is just one mission heading to the moon’s far side as NASA has plans to send robotic missions there as well. Denevi helped design a mission concept for a lunar rover called Endurance ...
The ages of the mare basalts have been determined both by direct radiometric dating and by the technique of crater counting.The radiometric ages range from about 3.16 to 4.2 billion years old (Ga), [4] whereas the youngest ages determined from crater counting are about 1.2 Ga. [5] Updated measurements of samples collected by the Chang’e-5 mission show that some lunar basalts could be as ...