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The Tsardom of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Царство България, romanized: Tsarstvo Balgariya), also known as the Third Bulgarian Tsardom (Bulgarian: Трето Българско Царство, romanized: Treto Balgarsko Tsarstvo), sometimes translated as the Kingdom of Bulgaria, or simply Bulgaria, was a constitutional monarchy in Southeastern Europe, which was established on 5 October ...
The Tsardom of Bulgaria is a continuation of the Bulgarian state founded in 681, actually the First Bulgarian Empire and the Tsardom of Bulgaria are one state.. It occurred in three distinct periods: between the 10th and 11th centuries, again between the 12th and 15th centuries, and again in the 20th century.
Simeon I (893–927) was the first Bulgarian ruler to rule as tsar.His official title translates to "Emperor of the Bulgarians and the Romans". Evidence concerning the titles used by the rulers of the First Bulgarian Empire (681–1018) prior to the conversion to Christianity in the 860s is scant.
After World War II, Bulgaria became a Communist state, and the General Secretary of the Bulgarian Communist Party, Todor Zhivkov, served for a period of 35 years, where there was relatively rapid economic growth. The Communist system collapsed in the 1980s, and several problems in the 1990s decreased the economic development of Bulgaria's ...
The main external political problem confronting Bulgaria throughout the period up to World War I was the fate of Macedonia and Eastern Thrace. At the end of 19th century the Internal Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Organization was founded and began the preparation of an armed uprising in the regions still occupied by the Ottoman Turks ...
(Lived: 87 years) 5 October 1908 3 October 1918 (Abdicated) 9 years, 363 days Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry: Proclaimed himself as Tsar: Boris III Борис III 1894–1943 (Lived: 49 years) 3 October 1918 28 August 1943 : 24 years, 329 days Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry: Son of Ferdinand I Simeon II Симеон II Born 1937 (87 years old) 28 ...
In 924, the Serbs ambushed and defeated a small Bulgarian army, [134] provoking a major retaliatory campaign that ended with Bulgaria's annexation of Serbia at the end of that year. [135] [136] Further expansion in the Western Balkans was checked by King Tomislav of Croatia, who was a Byzantine ally and defeated a Bulgarian invasion in 926.
The years of peace brought economic prosperity and boosted commerce; Bulgaria became a major exporter of agricultural commodities, especially wheat. [ 99 ] [ 100 ] During the early 1320s, tensions between Bulgaria and the Byzantines rose as the latter descended into a civil war and the new emperor George II Terter seized Philippopolis.