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Transduction This is an illustration of the difference between generalized transduction, which is the process of transferring any bacterial gene to a second bacterium through a bacteriophage and specialized transduction, which is the process of moving restricted bacterial genes to a recipient bacterium. While generalized transduction can occur ...
The only essential parts of the T-DNA are its two small (25 base pair) border repeats, at least one of which is needed for plant transformation. [ 30 ] [ 31 ] The genes to be introduced into the plant are cloned into a plant transformation vector that contains the T-DNA region of the plasmid .
Transfection is the process of deliberately introducing naked or purified nucleic acids into eukaryotic cells. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It may also refer to other methods and cell types, although other terms are often preferred: " transformation " is typically used to describe non-viral DNA transfer in bacteria and non-animal eukaryotic cells, including ...
In order to accomplish transfection, one may use integrating viral vectors such as lentiviruses or retroviruses, non-integrating vectors such as Sendai viruses or adenoviruses, microRNAs and a variety of other methods including using proteins and plasmids; [36] one example is the non-viral delivery of transcription factor-encoding plasmids with ...
Reverse transfection is a technique for the transfer of genetic material into cells.As DNA is printed on a glass slide for the transfection process (the deliberate introduction of nucleic acids into cells) to occur before the addition of adherent cells, the order of addition of DNA and adherent cells is reverse that of conventional transfection. [1]
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Nanoparticles for transfection. The most commonly used nanoparticles for intracellular delivery of nucleic acids are based on assemblies of cationic lipids and polymers. These cationic molecules condense DNA plasmids (~50-200 nm), mRNA (10-100 nm) and other nucleic acids (see "Properties of common molecules of interest for intracellular ...
There are two fundamental differences between the methods. One is that molecular cloning involves replication of the DNA within a living cell, while PCR replicates DNA in the test tube, free of living cells. The other difference is that cloning involves cutting and pasting DNA sequences, while PCR amplifies by copying an existing sequence.