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Duplicated ureter or duplex collecting system is a congenital condition in which the ureteric bud, the embryological origin of the ureter, splits (or arises twice), resulting in two ureters draining a single kidney. It is the most common renal abnormality, occurring in approximately 1% of the population.
Duplex-system ureterocele: treatment options vary with the individual and include: endoscopic incision of the corresponding ureteric orifice in case of ureteric meatal stricture; upper pole nephrectomy for a poorly functioning unit with ureterectomy or, where there is useful renal function, ureteropyelostomy.
The drooping lily sign is a radiological finding observed on imaging studies of the kidneys, most commonly associated with duplex collecting system and obstruction of the upper moiety. [1] This sign is characterized by the appearance of a compressed, non-obstructed lower renal moiety, which takes on a "drooping" or displaced appearance due to ...
An ectopic kidney is a kidney that is not located in its usual position . This condition results from the kidney failing to ascend from its origin in the true pelvis or from a superiorly ascended kidney located in the thorax. [1] It has an incidence of approximately 1/900. [2]
Each adult human kidney contains around 1 million nephrons, while a mouse kidney contains only about 12,500 nephrons. The kidneys also carry out functions independent of the nephrons. For example, they convert a precursor of vitamin D to its active form, calcitriol ; and synthesize the hormones erythropoietin and renin .
Radioisotope renography is a form of medical imaging of the kidneys that uses radiolabelling.A renogram, which may also be known as a MAG3 scan, allows a nuclear medicine physician or a radiologist to visualize the kidneys and learn more about how they are functioning. [1]
Nephrology (from Ancient Greek nephros 'kidney' and -logy 'the study of') is a specialty for both adult internal medicine and pediatric medicine that concerns the study of the kidneys, specifically normal kidney function (renal physiology) and kidney disease (renal pathophysiology), the preservation of kidney health, and the treatment of kidney disease, from diet and medication to renal ...
A supernumerary kidney is an additional kidney to the number usually present in an organism. This often develops as the result of splitting of the nephrogenic blastema, or from separate metanephric blastemas into which partially or completely reduplicated ureteral stalks enter to form separate capsulated kidneys; in some cases the separation of the reduplicated organ is incomplete (fused ...