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Psilocybe (/ ˌ s aɪ l oʊ ˈ s aɪ b i / SY-loh-SY-bee) [2] is a genus of gilled mushrooms, growing worldwide, in the family Hymenogastraceae. Many species contain the psychedelic compounds psilocybin and psilocin .
Prehistoric rock art near Villar del Humo in Spain suggests that Psilocybe hispanica was used in religious rituals 6,000 years ago. [4] The hallucinogenic [5] species of the Psilocybe genus have a history of use among the native peoples of Mesoamerica for religious communion, divination, and healing, from pre-Columbian times to the present day. [6]
Rockefeller was one of the taxonomists who first described Psilocybe allenii and he "recently co-authored a 2020 publication characterizing five Psilocybe species." [11] He also moderates Shroomery.org, a discussion forum for enthusiasts and home cultivators of psychedelic mushrooms, which remain illegal in many/most jurisdictions. [14]
Psilocybe septentrionalis (Guzmán) Guzmán (= Psilocybe subaeriginascens Höhn. var. septentrionalis Guzmán) Psilocybe serbica Moser & Horak (non ss. Krieglsteiner) Psilocybe sierrae Singer (= Psilocybe subfimetaria Guzmán & A.H. Sm.) Psilocybe silvatica (Peck) Singer & A.H. Sm. Psilocybe singeri Guzmán; Psilocybe strictipes Singer & A.H. Sm.
Psilocybe cubensis (Earle 1906) Singer 1948. Psilocybe cabiensis Guzmán, M.Torres & Ram.-Guill [2] [3]; Psilocybe caeruleoannulata Singer ex Guzmán; Psilocybe caerulescens. Psilocybe caerulescens Murrill var. caerulescens
Psilocybin comprises approximately 1% of the weight of Psilocybe cubensis mushrooms, and so nearly 1.7 kilograms (3.7 lb) of dried mushrooms, or 17 kilograms (37 lb) of fresh mushrooms, would be required for a 60-kilogram (130 lb) person to reach the 280 mg/kg LD 50 value of rats. [46]
In his 1992 book Food of the Gods, McKenna proposed that the transformation from humans' early ancestors Homo erectus to the species Homo sapiens mainly involved the addition of the mushroom Psilocybe cubensis in the diet, [26] [73] [74] an event that according to his theory took place about 100,000 BCE (when he believed humans diverged from ...
Psilocybe cubensis, commonly known as the magic mushroom, shroom, golden halo, golden teacher, cube, or gold cap, is a species of psilocybin mushroom of moderate ...