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Lysine (symbol Lys or K) [2] is an α-amino acid that is a precursor to many proteins.Lysine contains an α-amino group (which is in the protonated −NH + 3 form when the lysine is dissolved in water at physiological pH), an α-carboxylic acid group (which is in the deprotonated −COO − form when the lysine is dissolved in water at physiological pH), and a side chain (CH 2) 4 NH 2 (which ...
The synthesis of aspartate kinase (AK), which catalyzes the phosphorylation of aspartate and initiates its conversion into other amino acids, is feed-back inhibited by lysine, isoleucine, and threonine, which prevents the synthesis of the amino acids derived from aspartate. So, in addition to inhibiting the first enzyme of the aspartate ...
The amino acid L-lysine. The α-aminoadipate pathway is a biochemical pathway for the synthesis of the amino acid L-lysine.In the eukaryotes, this pathway is unique to several species of yeast, higher fungi (containing chitin in their cell walls), and the euglenids.
The diaminopimelic acid lysine biosynthetic pathway. The diaminopimelic acid biosynthetic pathway of lysine belongs to the aspartate family of amino acids. This pathway involves nine enzyme-catalyzed reactions that convert aspartate to lysine. [43]
Lysine riboswitch are most abundant in Bacillota and Gammaproteobacteria where they are found upstream of a number of genes involved in lysine biosynthesis, transport and catabolism. [2] [3] [4] The lysine riboswitch has also been identified independently and called the L box. [5] The lysine riboswitch controls metabolic pathways of lysine ...
In organic chemistry, peptide synthesis is the production of peptides, compounds where multiple amino acids are linked via amide bonds, also known as peptide bonds. Peptides are chemically synthesized by the condensation reaction of the carboxyl group of one amino acid to the amino group of another.
The precursor amino acid lysine contains two amino groups, one at the α-carbon and one at the ε-carbon. Either can be the location of polymerization , resulting in α-polylysine or ε-polylysine. Polylysine is a homopolypeptide belonging to the group of cationic polymers : at pH 7, polylysine contains a positively charged hydrophilic amino group.
Unlike posttranslational modifications of lysine such as hydroxylysine, methyllysine, and hypusine, pyrrolysine is incorporated during translation (protein synthesis) as directed by the genetic code, just like the standard amino acids. It is encoded in mRNA by the UAG codon, which in most organisms is the 'amber' stop codon.