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Benito Amilcare Andrea Mussolini [a] (29 July 1883 – 28 April 1945) was an Italian politician who was the dictator of Fascist Italy from the March on Rome in 1922 until his overthrow in 1943. He was also Duce of Italian fascism from the establishment of the Italian Fasces of Combat in 1919, until his summary execution in 1945.
In March 1919, Benito Mussolini founded the first Italian Fasces of Combat (FIC) at the beginning of the so-called Red Biennium, a two-year long social conflict between the Italian Socialist Party (PSI) and the liberal and conservative ruling class. Mussolini suffered a defeat in the election of November 1919. [3] [further explanation needed]
Fascist Italy (Italian: Italia Fascista) is a term which is used in historiography to describe the Kingdom of Italy when it was governed by the National Fascist Party from 1922 to 1943 with Benito Mussolini as prime minister and dictator.
The series introduces us to the firebrand and consummate rouser of rabbles known as Il Duce (The Leader) when he is 35, three years before he became Italy’s prime minister in 1922.
Boundaries in 1920. In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period (interbellum) lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II (WWII).
2.2 Timeline. 3 See also. 4 Notes. 5 References. Toggle the table of contents. ... Benito Mussolini (1883–1945) 12 October 1926 25 July 1943 16 years, 286 days
In November 1938, Mussolini declared to the Grand Fascist Council: "We shall bring our border to the Gotthard Pass". [76] The Fascist regime accused the Swiss government of oppressing the Romansch people in Graubünden. [75] Mussolini argued that Romansch was an Italian dialect and thus Graubünden should be incorporated into Italy. [77]
In a famous speech in 1926, Mussolini called for fascist art that was "traditionalist and at the same time modern, that looks to the past and at the same time to the future". [9] Traditional symbols of Roman civilization were utilized by the fascists, particularly the fasces that symbolized unity, authority and the exercise of power. [85]