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The ancient Greek δείκνυμι, deiknymi, 'thought experiment', "was the most ancient pattern of mathematical proof", and existed before Euclidean mathematics, [7] where the emphasis was on the conceptual, rather than on the experimental part of a thought experiment.
As the parts of the ship are replaced, the question remains as to whether the same ship remains throughout. The Ship of Theseus, also known as Theseus's Paradox, is a paradox and a common thought experiment about whether an object is the same object after having all of its original components replaced over time, typically one after the other.
Zeno's paradoxes are a series of philosophical arguments presented by the ancient Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea (c. 490–430 BC), [1] [2] primarily known through the works of Plato, Aristotle, and later commentators like Simplicius of Cilicia. [2]
The English term empirical derives from the Ancient Greek word ἐμπειρία, empeiria, ... [20] and demonstrated as a thought experiment by Ibn Tufail. ...
Eratosthenes of Cyrene (/ ɛr ə ˈ t ɒ s θ ə n iː z /; Ancient Greek: Ἐρατοσθένης [eratostʰénɛːs]; c. 276 BC – c. 195/194 BC) was an Ancient Greek polymath: a mathematician, geographer, poet, astronomer, and music theorist. He was a man of learning, becoming the chief librarian at the Library of Alexandria.
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Of course, nobody told Earth's ancient civilizations that. Eclipse is derived from the ancient Greek ekleipsis, meaning "abandonment." And it sure seems appropriate.
In ancient Greece, the concept of eternal return was most prominently associated with Empedocles and with Stoicism, the school of philosophy founded by Zeno of Citium. The Stoics believed that the universe is periodically destroyed and reborn, and that each universe is exactly the same as the one before.