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This experiment, "a lecture-room standby", [1] attempted to demonstrate that mechanical waves undergo interference phenomena. In the experiment, mechanical waves traveled in opposite directions form immobile points, called nodes. These waves were called standing waves by Melde since the position of the nodes and loops (points where the cord ...
Standing waves, in which each immobile point represents a node. Franz Emil Melde (March 11, 1832 in Großenlüder near Fulda – March 17, 1901 in Marburg ) was a German physicist and professor . A graduate of the University of Marburg under Christian Ludwig Gerling , he later taught there, focusing primarily on acoustics , [ 1 ] also making ...
The Davisson–Germer experiment confirmed the de Broglie hypothesis that matter has wave-like behavior. This, in combination with the Compton effect discovered by Arthur Compton (who won the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1927), [ 9 ] established the wave–particle duality hypothesis which was a fundamental step in quantum theory.
A Rubens tube, also known as a standing wave flame tube, or simply flame tube, is a physics apparatus for demonstrating acoustic standing waves in a tube. Invented by German physicist Heinrich Rubens in 1905, it graphically shows the relationship between sound waves and sound pressure , as a primitive oscilloscope .
In this type the derivative (slope) of the wave's amplitude (in sound waves the pressure, in electromagnetic waves, the current) is forced to zero at the boundary. So there is an amplitude maximum (antinode) at the boundary, the first node occurs a quarter wavelength from the end, and the other nodes are at half wavelength intervals from there:
Therefore, the length of the tube is a multiple of half a wavelength. At this point, the sound waves in the tube are in the form of standing waves, and the amplitude of vibrations of air is zero at equally spaced intervals along the tube, called the nodes. The powder is caught up in the moving air and settles in little piles or lines at these ...
The sine wave is a specific case of a periodic wave. In random waves at sea, when the surface elevations are measured with a wave buoy , the individual wave height H m of each individual wave—with an integer label m , running from 1 to N , to denote its position in a sequence of N waves—is the difference in elevation between a wave crest ...
The phase velocity of an electromagnetic wave in such a medium is = = + For the case of an Alfvén wave = + where is the Alfvén wave group velocity. (The formula for the phase velocity assumes that the plasma particles are moving at non-relativistic speeds, the mass-weighted particle velocity is zero in the frame of reference, and the wave is ...