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HELRAS or the Helicopter Long Range Active Sonar is a naval helicopter undersea sensor, a dipping sonar (a form of towed array sonar), deployed by helicopters of many naval air forces around the world to detect submarines; it is a form of geophysical MASINT.
AN/AQS-13 dipping sonar deployed from an SH-3 Sea King. The AN/AQS-13 series was a helicopter dipping sonar system for the United States Navy.These systems were deployed as the primary inner zone anti-submarine warfare (ASW) sensor on aircraft carrier based helicopters for over five decades. [1]
Powered by RTM322 engines and fitted with Blue Kestrel radar, Thomson Marconi FLASH dipping sonar and Orange Reaper ESM. 44 built. [167] Model 112 Italian Navy early warning variant with same airframe as Model 110 but with Eliradar HEW-784 radar in large underfuselage radome. Four built. [168] Series 200
AN/AQS-13 dipping sonar deployed from an H-3 Sea King. Helicopters can be used for antisubmarine warfare by deploying fields of active-passive sonobuoys or can operate dipping sonar, such as the AQS-13. Fixed wing aircraft can also deploy sonobuoys and have greater endurance and capacity to deploy them.
Airborne dipping sonar: SH-3A Sea King: AN/AQS-13: Airborne anti-submarine warfare (ASW) dipping sonar, improved AN/AQS-10: SH-3D Sea King, SH-60F Seahawk: L3Harris Technologies: AN/AQS-20: Sonar mine countermeasure: Raytheon: AN/AQS-22: Advanced Airborne Low-Frequency Sonar (ALFS) MH-60R Seahawk: Telephonics Corporation
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The most effective type has varied between active and passive, depending on the countermeasures taken by the submarine. Its versatility has increased with the development of air-dropped sonobuoys, which relay sonar signals to overhead aircraft, dipping sonar from helicopters and fixed long range systems.
Sonobuoy being loaded onto a USN P-3C Orion aircraft Hand deployment of a sonobuoy in the Arctic Ocean from the aft deck of the R/V Sikuliaq. A sonobuoy (a portmanteau of sonar and buoy) is a small expendable sonar buoy dropped from aircraft or ships for anti-submarine warfare or underwater acoustic research.