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A cardiac stress test is a cardiological examination that evaluates the cardiovascular system's response to external stress within a controlled clinical setting. This stress response can be induced through physical exercise (usually a treadmill) or intravenous pharmacological stimulation of heart rate.
The test score is the time taken on the test, in minutes. This can also be converted to an estimated maximal oxygen uptake score using the calculator below and the following formulas, where the value "T" is the total time completed (expressed in minutes and fractions of a minute e.g. 9 minutes 15 seconds = 9.25 minutes). As with many exercise ...
The calculation is done based on the information obtained from an exercise test by this formula: [citation needed] [exercise duration by Bruce protocol] - [ 5 × (maximal ST elevation or depression)] - [4 × (treadmill angina index)] In which, the exercise duration is written in "minutes" and the ST changes in "millimetres". [1]
The subject immediately sits down on completion of the test, and the heartbeats are counted for 1 to 1.5, 2 to 2.5, and 3 to 3.5 minutes. [3] The results are written down as time until exhaustion in seconds and total heartbeats counted (). It is plotted into a simple fitness index equation: [3]
The goal and objectives, the time frame, the stress test level and the total costs of the stress test are defined. Phase 2: Assessment, during which the stress test at the component and the system scope is performed, including fragility [12] and risk [13] analysis of the CIs for the stressors defined in Phase 1. The stress test can result in ...
This type of test is, however, a subject of frequent criticism. [6] There is no single recommended set of conditions at which these tests should be performed. In fact, temperatures from 22 to 160 degrees Celsius, relative humidities from 1% to 100%, and test durations from one hour to 180 days have all been used. [6]
The CST was the first antenatal surveillance test that was developed after the development of the cardiotocograph. [4] The oxytocin challenge test was first described in 1972 [11] and was standardised in 1975 when the parameters of contraction number and frequency were given. Historically, a CST was done after a non reactive NST.
This method is the most frequently used application of the cold pressor task. Comparable in terms of pain elicitation is the hot water immersion test, the equivalent to the cold pressor using hot water. The hot water immersion test (HIT) is equally capable of triggering a pain response without the confounding of baroreflex activation. [8]