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Benitoite (/ b ə ˈ n iː t oʊ aɪ t /) is a rare blue barium titanium cyclosilicate mineral, found in hydrothermally altered serpentinite. It forms in low temperature, high pressure environments typical of subduction zones at convergent plate boundaries. Benitoite fluoresces under short wave ultraviolet light, appearing bright blue to bluish ...
The New Idria Mining District is known for its abundance of rare minerals such as benitoite, named after the San Benito River. Gem quality benitoite is only found in this area of the world. New Idria is also home to serpentinite rock. Many thousands of tectonic events acting on the serpentinite have produced extensive deposits of short-fiber ...
Other minerals mined from the serpentine mass included cinnabar, chromite, magnesite, and jadeite. The Gem Mine (private) located within the serpentine mass is the only source of gem-grade benitoite in the world. The rare minerals neptunite and joaquinite have also been found there.
Bentonite production (tonnes) per country in 2006 Country (or area) Production World 14,600,000 United States 4,620,000 China * 3,200,000 Greece 1,100,000 India *
Bentonite layers from an ancient deposit of weathered volcanic ash tuff in Wyoming Gray shale and bentonites (Benton Shale; Colorado Springs, Colorado). Bentonite (/ ˈ b ɛ n t ə n aɪ t / BEN-tə-nyte) [1] [2] is an absorbent swelling clay consisting mostly of montmorillonite (a type of smectite) which can either be Na-montmorillonite or Ca-montmorillonite.
In addition, pabstite can be found in Rush Creek in California when benitoite contains small amounts of tin. It is commonly occurs in rocks that contain calcite, quartz, tremolite, witherite, phlogopite, diopside, minor amounts of forsterite and taramellite. Pabstite can also be found associated with galena, cassiterite and sphalerite. [7]
Fossils may be found either associated with a geological formation or at a single geographic site. Geological formations consist of rock that was deposited during a specific period of time. They usually extend for large areas, and sometimes there are different important sites in which the same formation is exposed.
Red beryl, formerly known as bixbite and marketed as red emerald or scarlet emerald, is an extremely rare variety of beryl as well as one of the rarest minerals on Earth. [1] [2]: 19 The gem gets its red color from manganese ions embedded inside of beryllium aluminium cyclosilicate crystals. [1]