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The pioneering Dutch cultural historian Johan Huizinga, author of The Autumn of the Middle Ages (1919) (the English translation was called The Waning of the Middle Ages) and Homo Ludens: A Study of the Play Element in Culture (1935), which expanded the field of cultural history and influenced the historical anthropology of younger historians of ...
After their victory at the Battle of the Gabbard in June 1653, the English fleet of 120 ships under General at Sea George Monck on his flagship Resolution blockaded the Dutch coast, capturing many merchant vessels. [4] The Dutch economy began to collapse, with mass unemployment and a severe economic downturn affecting it.
This is how the contemporaries thought of themselves. The Dutch formulation of the official name of the Republic is the United Provinces or the Seven United Provinces, in plural, using in the Dutch the plural for the reference. Another formulation sometimes used is one that sounds familiar in the modern day, the United States of the Netherlands.
In the 16th century, England had supported the Dutch Republic in the Eighty Years' War against Spain.They cooperated in fighting the Spanish Armada and England supported the Dutch in the early part of the Eighty Years' War by sending money and troops and maintaining garrisons in key ports and a permanent English representative to the Dutch government to ensure coordination of the joint war ...
The English achieved several victories over the Dutch, such as taking the Dutch colony of New Netherland and seaport town of New Amsterdam (present day of later renamed New York) by an English fleet of King Charles' younger brother, the future King James II; but there were also several Dutch victories, such as the capture of the renewed Royal ...
Based on lessons learned from the First Anglo-Dutch War, post-1653 the Dutch navy was re-organised around sixty-four newly built and larger Ships of the line, each with between 40 and 60 guns. [28] However, they remained inferior to English vessels such as HMS Sovereign of the Seas , which carried over 100 guns.
The Batavi (Batavians) were a Germanic tribe, originally part of the Chatti, reported by Tacitus to have lived around the Rhine delta, in the area which is currently the Netherlands, "an uninhabited district on the extremity of the coast of Gaul, and also of a neighbouring island, surrounded by the ocean in front, and by the river Rhine in the rear and on either side" (Tacitus, Histories iv).
At first many Dutch ships were captured and the English scored great victories. However, the Raid on the Medway, in June 1667, ended the war with a Dutch victory. The Dutch recovered their trade, while the English economy was seriously hurt and its treasury nearly bankrupt. [18] The greatly expanded Dutch navy was for years after the world's ...