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The Help America Vote Act of 2002 (Pub. L.Tooltip Public Law (United States)107–252 (text) (PDF)), or HAVA, is a United States federal law, which was authored by Christopher Dodd [1], and passed in the House 357-48 and 92–2 in the Senate and was signed into law by President George W. Bush on October 29, 2002.
The act provides for an emergency back-up ballot, the Federal Write-In Absentee Ballot (FWAB), which can be cast by voters who "have made a timely application for but have not received their regular ballot from the state or territory, subject to certain conditions." [1] Postage is free for UOCAVA registrations and ballots, including FWAB. [3]
The immediate supervisor of a Schedule C position must be a presidential appointee, member of the Senior Executive Service, or another Schedule C appointee. Schedule C positions generally, but not always, are on the top end of the General Schedule pay scale [5] at the GS-12 through GS-15 levels. [6] Schedule C appointments tend to be made ...
Section 8 of the act sets out requirements for how states maintain voter registration lists for federal elections. The act deems as timely those valid voter registration applications by eligible applicants submitted to designated state and local officials, or postmarked if submitted by mail, at least 30 days before a federal election.
The Help America Vote Act specifies that four commissioners are nominated by the President on recommendations from the majority and minority leadership in the U.S. House and U.S. Senate. Once confirmed by the full Senate, commissioners may serve two consecutive terms and no more than two commissioners may belong to the same political party.
The Voter Confidence and Increased Accessibility Act of 2003 (VCIAA) bill was introduced to the United States House of Representatives on May 22, 2003 as H.R. 2239 by Rush D. Holt, Jr. (D-NJ) and United States Senate on December 9, 2003 as S. 1980 by Bob Graham (D-FL).
The required that all polling facilities must be accessible to all individuals with disabilities. The act states that if "no accessible location is available to serve as a polling place; voters must provide an alternate means of voting on Election Day" [citation needed] The Attorney General of the United States is charged with the responsibility of enforcing the VAEHA [1]
In one of two 5–4 rulings on Section 302 of the 1970 VRA Amendments, the Court held that where Section 302 lowered the voting age in federal elections to 18 years was constitutional under Section 5 of the 14th Amendment to enforce the Equal Protection Clause. [186] In his opinion in Oregon v. Mitchell, Associate Justice Hugo Black cited Smiley v.