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The prefrontal cortex has been defined based on cytoarchitectonics by the presence of a cortical granular layer IV.It is not entirely clear who first used this criterion. Many of the early cytoarchitectonic researchers restricted the use of the term prefrontal to a much smaller region of cortex including the gyrus rectus and the gyrus rostralis (Campbell, 1905; G. E. Smith, 1907; Brodmann ...
Research upon primates suggests that area 10 has inputs and output connections with other higher-order association cortex areas particularly in the prefrontal cortex while having few with primary sensory or motor areas. Its connections through the extreme capsule link it to the auditory and multisensory areas of the superior temporal sulcus.
Hypofrontality is a symptom of numerous neurological diseases defined as reduced utilization of glucose and blood flow in the prefrontal cortex. Hypofrontality can be difficult to detect under resting conditions, but under cognitive challenges, it has been seen to correlate with memory deficits along with executive function deficits.
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is a prefrontal cortex region in the frontal lobes of the brain which is involved in the cognitive process of decision-making. In non-human primates it consists of the association cortex areas Brodmann area 11 , 12 and 13 ; in humans it consists of Brodmann area 10 , 11 and 47 .
Distinguishing features according to Brodmann-1905: in contrast with area 6 of Brodmann-1909 the cortex of area 32 is relatively thick; the transition from cortex to white matter is more gradual; the distribution of cells is less dense; and there is no distinct boundary between the inner pyramidal layer (V) and the multiform layer (VI); it is ...
Brodmann area 9, or BA9, refers to a cytoarchitecturally defined portion of the frontal cortex in the brain of humans and other primates. Its cytoarchitecture is referred to as granular due to the concentration of granule cells in layer IV. [1] It contributes to the dorsolateral and medial prefrontal cortex.
Cortex Primary motor cortex (Precentral gyrus, M1) Premotor cortex; Supplementary motor cortex; Prefrontal cortex. Orbitofrontal cortex; Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; Ventrolateral prefrontal cortex; Dorsomedial prefrontal cortex; Ventromedial prefrontal cortex; Gyri. Superior frontal gyrus; Middle frontal gyrus; Inferior frontal gyrus
The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC [1] [2] or DMPFC [3] [4] is a section of the prefrontal cortex in some species' brain anatomy. It includes portions of Brodmann areas BA8 , BA9 , BA10 , BA24 and BA32 , [ 5 ] although some authors identify it specifically with BA8 and BA9 .