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Operation Torch (8–16 November 1942) was an Allied invasion of French North Africa during the Second World War. Torch was a compromise operation that met the British objective of securing victory in North Africa while allowing American armed forces the opportunity to begin their fight against Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy on a limited scale.
United States Army operations in the theater began with Operation Torch, when Allied forces landed on the beaches of northwest Africa on 8 November 1942, and concluded in the Italian Alps some 31 months later, with the German surrender in Italy on 2 May 1945. For administrative purposes, U.S. components were responsible to Headquarters North ...
A half track and anti-tank gun are loaded onto a landing craft during Operation Torch. British sailors and British and American soldiers on the beach near Algiers. Vice Admiral H. Kent Hewitt, USN [1] [2] Task Group 34.1 covering force Battleship USS Massachusetts (Capt. Whiting) Heavy cruisers USS Wichita (Capt. Low) and USS Tuscaloosa (Capt ...
The attack was a part of the objectives of the Western task force as part of Operation Torch, [2] a large Allied landing to seize control of North Africa from German control. Within the task force, Sub Task Force Goalpost was tasked with the objective of securing Port Lyautey.
When planning began for Operation Torch, the Allied invasion of North Africa in 1942, it was decided to attach the 1st Parachute Brigade, part of the 1st Airborne Division, to the Allied forces taking part, as an American airborne unit, the 2nd Battalion, 509th Parachute Infantry Regiment, was also to be used during the invasion.
[a] On 8 November, Operation Torch began in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia, as the Panzeramee Afrika in Egypt managed to evade British outflanking moves but traffic jams, fuel shortages, poor weather and air attacks reduced the speed of their retreat to 6–7 mi (9.7–11.3 km) per day.
He was also the head of planning for Operation Torch, the largest seaborne invasion at the time. [3] On 10 March 1945, at the age of 48, Clark became one of the youngest American officers promoted to the rank of four-star general. [4] Dwight D. Eisenhower, a close friend, considered Clark to be a brilliant staff officer and trainer of men. [5]
On 8 November 1942 the Allies invaded French North Africa in Operation Torch. It may be that General Dwight Eisenhower , with the support of President of the United States Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill , made a secret agreement with Admiral Darlan to give him control of French North Africa if he defected to ...