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Instead, plasma cells are identified through flow cytometry by their additional expression of CD138, CD78, and the Interleukin-6 receptor. In humans, CD27 is a good marker for plasma cells; naïve B cells are CD27−, memory B-cells are CD27+ and plasma cells are CD27++. [5] The surface antigen CD138 (syndecan-1) is expressed at high levels. [6]
The niche for long-lived plasma cells is a subject of ongoing research, and while some aspects are understood, many questions remain. LLPCs are not inherently long-lived, and their survival relies on accessing specific pro-survival niches in the bone marrow, secondary lymphoid organs, mucosal tissues, and sites of inflammation.
Blood plasma is a light amber-colored liquid component of blood in which blood cells are absent, but which contains proteins and other constituents of whole blood in suspension. It makes up about 55% of the body's total blood volume. [ 1 ]
B cell activation: from immature B cell to plasma cell or memory B cell Basic B cell function: bind to an antigen, receive help from a cognate helper T cell, and differentiate into a plasma cell that secretes large numbers of antibodies. B cell activation occurs in the secondary lymphoid organs (SLOs), such as the spleen and lymph nodes. [1]
The GC B cells that differentiate into plasma cells are B cells that show high affinity for the antigen. [3] [6] When GC B cells receive help from T follicular helper cells, there is an interaction between CD40 (expressed on the B cell) and CD40L (expressed on the T follicular helper cell), which increases the activation of NF-kB in the B cell.
Differentiation of memory B cells into plasma cells is far faster than differentiation by naïve B cells, which allows memory B cells to produce a more efficient secondary immune response. [4] The efficiency and accumulation of the memory B cell response is the foundation for vaccines and booster shots. [4] [3]
Sickle cell anemia. Cancer. Malaria. How To Find a Plasma Donation Center. Find the location nearest you at one of the following major donation centers. CSL Plasma. Biolife Plasma. OctaPharma ...
Through this antigen recognition and other cell interactions the B cell becomes activated and then divides and differentiates to become a plasma cell. The plasma cell, a B cell end product, is a very active antibody-secreting cell that helps protect the body by attacking and binding to antigen.