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C is the sodium channel . Sodium channels are integral membrane proteins that form ion channels, conducting sodium ions (Na +) through a cell's membrane. [1] [2] They belong to the superfamily of cation channels.
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), also known as voltage-dependent sodium channels (VDSCs), are a group of voltage-gated ion channels found in the membrane of excitable cells (e.g., muscle, glial cells, neurons, etc.) with a permeability to the sodium ion Na +. They are the main channels involved in action potential of excitable cells.
Schematic diagram of an ion channel. 1 - channel domains (typically four per channel), 2 - outer vestibule, 3 - selectivity filter, 4 - diameter of selectivity filter, 5 - phosphorylation site, 6 - cell membrane. Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore.
Sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 9 (also Na v 1.7) is a sodium ion channel that, in humans, is encoded by the SCN9A gene. [5] [6] [7] It is usually expressed at high levels in two types of neurons: the nociceptive (pain) neurons at the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and trigeminal ganglion; and sympathetic ganglion neurons, which are part of the autonomic (involuntary) nervous system.
The epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), (also known as amiloride-sensitive sodium channel) is a membrane-bound ion channel that is selectively permeable to sodium ions (Na +).It is assembled as a heterotrimer composed of three homologous subunits α or δ, β, and γ, [2] These subunits are encoded by four genes: SCNN1A, SCNN1B, SCNN1G, and SCNN1D.
20264 Ensembl ENSG00000185313 ENSMUSG00000034533 UniProt Q9Y5Y9 Q6QIY3 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_001293306 NM_001293307 NM_006514 NM_001205321 NM_009134 RefSeq (protein) NP_001280235 NP_001280236 NP_006505 NP_001192250 NP_033160 Location (UCSC) Chr 3: 38.7 – 38.82 Mb Chr 9: 119.44 – 119.55 Mb PubMed search Wikidata View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse Na v 1.8 is a sodium ion channel subtype that in ...
Voltage-gated ion-channels are usually ion-specific, and channels specific to sodium (Na +), potassium (K +), calcium (Ca 2+), and chloride (Cl −) ions have been identified. [1] The opening and closing of the channels are triggered by changing ion concentration, and hence charge gradient, between the sides of the cell membrane.
Mutations in genes encoding ion channels, which impair channel function, are the most common cause of channelopathies. [1] There are more than 400 genes that encode ion channels, found in all human cell types and are involved in almost all physiological processes. [ 2 ]