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For example, in Texas, teachers are permitted to paddle children and to use "any other physical force" to control children in the name of discipline; [15] in Alabama, the rules are more explicit: teachers are permitted to use a "wooden paddle approximately 24 inches (610 mm) in length, 3 inches (76 mm) wide and 0.5 inches (13 mm) thick." [16]
Recycled PVC is used in place of virgin PVC in various applications: coatings for swimming pools, shoe soles, hoses, diaphragms tunnel, coated fabrics, PVC sheets. [73] This recycled PVC's primary energy demand is 46 percent lower than conventional produced PVC. So the use of recycled material leads to a significant better ecological footprint.
According to Elizabeth Gershoff, these data, combined with the common use of wooden paddles to administer corporal punishment in schools, demonstrate "a prevailing acceptance of objects to deliver punishment". [9] Race, gender, and social class appear to be significant factors in U.S. domestic corporal punishment patterns.
75% of all PVC is used in construction materials. [6] According to this campaign, PVC plastic is considered one of the most detrimental in terms of harmful effects. During production, it emits toxic byproducts including dioxin , which has been linked to many cancers, neurological damage, respiratory problems, and birth defects among others.
Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) is a thermoplastic produced by chlorination of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin. CPVC is significantly more flexible than PVC, and can also withstand higher temperatures. Uses include hot and cold water delivery pipes and industrial liquid handling.
Vinyl polymers are subject of several structural variations, which greatly expands the range of polymers and their applications. With the exception of polyethylene, vinyl polymers can arise from head-to-tail linking of monomers, head-to-head combined with tail-to-tail, or a mixture of those two patterns. Additionally the substituted carbon center in such polymers is stereogenic (a "chiral center")
PVC clothing requires care to make it last longer and maintain its appearance. As PVC clothes are made from a fabric layer covered with a plastic layer, they should not be over-stretched to avoid damage to the plastic layer. Excessive stretching can cause the plastic layer to lose its smooth texture and stay stri
The statement that PVC can not be recycled is rediculous. PVC is a thermoplastic, meaning when subjected to heat it softens, and can be reformed to make usefull products. It is a common practice to compound PVC in a twin screw extruder, then pellatize the PVC and use those pellets in a secondary extrusion opperation to make finished gooods.