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The precise definition of an "Indian subcontinent" in a geopolitical context is somewhat contested as there is no globally accepted definition on which countries are a part of South Asia or the Indian subcontinent. [60] [61] [62] [6] Whether called the Indian subcontinent or South Asia, the definition of the geographical extent of this region ...
The Indian subcontinent saw several empires and polities in thousands of years old past. Following is a list of largest empires and polities that ever existed on its ...
India accounts for the bulk of the Indian subcontinent, lying atop the Indian tectonic plate, a part of the Indo-Australian Plate. [171] India's defining geological processes began 75 million years ago when the Indian Plate, then part of the southern supercontinent Gondwana , began a north-eastward drift caused by seafloor spreading to its ...
The Maurya Empire (322–185 BCE) unified most of the Indian subcontinent into one state, and was the largest empire ever to exist on the Indian subcontinent. [106] At its greatest extent, the Mauryan Empire stretched to the north up to the natural boundaries of the Himalayas and to the east into what is now Assam.
Chronology of India James Mill (1774–1836), in his The History of British India (1817), [a] distinguished three phases in the history of the Indian subcontinent, namely Hindu, Muslim, and British civilisations. [b] [c] This periodisation has been influential, but has also been criticised for the misconceptions it gave rise to.
The region as described in a 1992 work about the geography of Asia: "This greater India is well defined in terms of topography; it is the Indian peninsula, hemmed in by the Himalayas on the north, the Hindu Khush in the west and the Arakanese in the east." [61] [47] The terms "Indian subcontinent" and "South Asia" are sometimes used ...
The Muslim conquests in Indian subcontinent came to a halt after the Battle of Plassey (1757), the Battle of Buxar (1764), Anglo-Mysore Wars (1767–1799), Anglo-Maratha Wars (1775–1818) and Anglo-Sikh Wars (1845–1848) as the British East India Company seized control of much of the Indian subcontinent up till 1857.
Muslim rule in India saw a major shift in the cultural, linguistic, and religious makeup of the subcontinent. [9] Persian and Arabic vocabulary began to enter local languages, giving way to modern Punjabi, Bengali, and Gujarati, while creating new languages including Hindustani and its dialect, Deccani , used as official languages under Muslim ...