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Plinian eruptions or Vesuvian eruptions are volcanic eruptions marked by their similarity to the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD, which destroyed the ancient Roman cities of Herculaneum and Pompeii. The eruption was described in a letter [1] written by Pliny the Younger, after the death of his uncle Pliny the Elder.
Short title: Fig. 1-reg [Converted] Software used: Adobe Illustrator CS5: Date and time of digitizing: 01:49, 8 May 2013: File change date and time: 15:49, 8 May 2013
The 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens in Washington, which ripped apart the volcano's summit, was a Plinian eruption of Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) 5. [3] The strongest types of eruptions, with a VEI of 8, are so-called "Ultra-Plinian" eruptions, such as the one at Lake Toba 74 thousand years ago, which put out 2800 times the material ...
A.D. 79: Mount Vesuvius, Italy. Mount Vesuvius has erupted eight times in the last 17,000 years, most recently in 1944, but the big one was in A.D. 17. One of the most violent eruptions in history ...
Kulshan caldera's intracaldera ignimbrite deposit near Upper Swift Creek Ptarmigan ridge trail, overlooking Mt. Baker and the remnants of the Kulshan caldera rim.. The Kulshan caldera is a Pleistocene volcano in the North Cascades of Washington and one of the few calderas identified in the entire Cascade Range.
Large eruptions similar to the 1993 eruption of Lascar may have occurred at Guallatiri. [76] The largest Holocene event at the volcano was a Plinian [j] or sub-Plinian [k] eruption that deposited tephra and pumice southwest of the volcano, reaching thicknesses of 1.3 m (4 ft 3 in) at 12 km (7.5 mi) distance, [46] approximately 2,600 years ago. [77]
After an initial Plinian eruption produced an eruption column, [106] a vent in the southeastern part of the dome complex [107] produced the lower flow unit. Collapse of the first vent or the opening of a new one caused a break in the eruption; the layer between the units [105] and the downsag caldera formed at this time. [108]
The eruptions have grown bigger and more frequent in recent weeks — rattling homes with wheezing exhalations that residents compare to steam escaping from a pressure cooker.