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Pipe rams close around a drill pipe, restricting flow in the annulus (ring-shaped space between concentric objects) between the outside of the drill pipe and the wellbore, but do not obstruct flow within the drill pipe. Variable-bore pipe rams can accommodate tubing in a wider range of outside diameters than standard pipe rams, but typically ...
It consisted of a T-valve, with a 6-inch (150 mm) and 8-inch (200 mm) valve on the vertical pipe, and a 6-inch valve on the horizontal pipe. The vertical valve was closed first, and then the valve to the horizontal pipe. [1] [2] Christmas trees are used on both surface and subsea wells.
Another reason relates to the hydraulic control line. Hydraulic pressure is required to keep the valve open as part of the failsafe design. However, if the valve is too far down the well, then the weight of the hydraulic fluid alone may apply sufficient pressure to keep the valve open, even with the loss of surface pressurisation.
These valves normally are set at the design pressure of the vessel. Safety relief valves serve primarily as a warning, and in most instances are too small to handle the full rated fluid capacity of the separator. Full-capacity safety relief valves can be used and are particularly recommended when no safety head (rupture disk) is used on the ...
Unlock and open, then close and relock the vent and drain valves. Unlock and open door, load pig into launcher, close and lock door. Unlock and open valves V1 and V3, to create a flow path through the launcher. Partly close ‘kicker’ valve V2 to launch the pig. The launch alarm XA will indicate when the pig has been launched. Open valve V2 ...
An isolation valve is a valve in a fluid handling system that stops the flow of process media to a given location, usually for maintenance or safety purposes. [1] They can also be used to provide flow logic (selecting one flow path versus another), and to connect external equipment to a system. [ 2 ]
A blowdown valve (BDV) is a type of shutdown valve designed to depressurize a pressure vessel by directing vapour to a flare, vent or blowdown stack in an emergency. BDVs fail-safe to the open position upon failure of the control system. [1] The type of valve, type of actuation and performance measurement are similar to an ESD valve.
Hydraulically activated pipeline pigging (HAPP) is a pigging technology applied for pipeline cleaning. The basic principle is that a pressure drop is created over a by-passable pig held back against a pipeline's fluid flow. The pipeline fluid passing through the pig's cleaning head is accelerated by this pressure drop, forming strong cleaning jets.